Of course the saturated solutions take time this experiment is done in a two day lab setting part one should be completed during the first day and ready for use on day two. Remember because Le Châtelier’s principle if you don’t filter the solution will rise. The removal of OH- from the UN filtered solution will cause more Ca(OH)2 to be dissolved for the equilibrium to restore. The second part of this lab takes knowledge from past experiments done in this laboratory. Using the Primary method used to standardize the concentration of HCl, this will bring much lower percent error in the Ksp For this standardization sodium carbonate should be used for determining the amount of hydroxide in the solution.
Determination of Freezing Point and Verification of Freezing Point Depression for a Mixture by Linah Richer Partners: Maike Blakely CHM317 Preformed: Nov. 8th, 2013 Report: Nov. 19th, 2013 Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to determine the freezing point of the solvent, biphenyl, and verify the freezing point depression equation ΔTf=-ikfnsolutemsolvent. The addition of solute will lower the vapor pressure of the solvent/solute mixture resulting in the lowering of the freezing point for the mixture solution. The experiment resulted in the experimental difference in the two trial freezing points to be 0.08 K leading to a calculated change in temperature freezing to be -1.92 E -5 K, and an overall decrease in temperature freezing of the solute/solvent solution compared to the pure solvent solution. Introduction: Experimentally it is understood that the addition of a nonvolatile solute to a solvent will lower the vapor pressure, raise the boiling point and lower the freezing point. In this experiment, the freezing point for the solvent biphenyl will be determined theoretically and experimentally, as well as the verification of the freezing point depression equation for a solvent/solute mixture.
* Then you will have to put the test tube in a water bath and leave it until the contents reach the same temperature as the water bath. * Then you will have to take the thermometer from the test tube and put a glass rod into it instead. * After this you will have to use a 2cm syringe to measure out 1cm of lipase to the beaker in the water for the temperature you are investigating. * Then add the lipase to the test
Using a thin-layer chromatography, or TLC, the position in which molecules stop advancing upwards could be observed. By applying the TLC method to this experiment, different traveling distances of a certain chemical, with changing salt concentrations of water, can be measured. In this investigation, however, sheets of tissue papers were dipped into salt water with different concentrations and soaked until the water traveled to the top, so the method was different from the TLC experiment. Consequently, the volume of liquid absorbed will likely not change with different salt concentrations since every time the paper will be dipped into the solution until it completely absorbed water, each time in the same manner. Moreover, the mass of solution absorbed will increase because the density of the solution increases with increasing concentration.
Three tests will then be performed to examine the identity and purity of the synthesized aspirin. The first test will detect the presence of leftover salicylic acid in the synthesized aspirin. The second test uses melting point to evaluate the purity of the aspirin product. A compound that contains impurities will tend to melt over a range of temperatures and at temperatures lower than the fixed mp for the pure compound. The third test will utilize thin layer chromatography to evaluate the purity of the aspirin as well as testing for the presence of leftover salicylic acid or other by products of the reactions.
IB Internal Assessment Objective: Investigate the Effect of Temperature on the rate of Digestion of Gelatine by Trypsin OBJECTIVE OF THE INTERNAL ASSESSMENT Research Question How will temperature affect the rate of digestion of gelatine by a 2% trypsin solution? Variables * The Dependent Variable is the time taken (seconds) for gelatine to digest. * The Independent Variable is the temperature (°C) we use to heat up the water bath for the solution. * The Controlled Variables are the size of the silver-acetate film pieces (1.5 x 1.0 cm), the volume of the 2% trypsin solution (3cm³), and the thermometers used to measure the temperature of the water in the tinc cans as well as the temperature of the 2% trypsin solution in the test tubes (the same thermometer was used at all times). RAW DATA AND OBSERVATIONS Initial observations 1.
Our hypothesis is that the plants won’t encounter disadvantages in low concentrations (up and till 0.20 mol/L), but that they will grow less fast in higher concentrations ( 0.25 mol/L and higher), because NaCl withdraws liquid from plants. Experimental procedure and approach At first a tryout experiment has been done to find out which concentrations are
Dependent Variable: The time taken in seconds the enzyme to react at different temperatures. This is because the temperature of the enzyme is reacting at will either make the enzyme reacts faster or slower. The rate of digestion will be calculated by 1/t (sec-1) Controlled Variables: concentration of enzyme (3 ml lipase) X nextag shop; Lipase Concentrate-HP 90 UltraCaps - Integrative Therapeutics; $24 (http://www.nextag.com/enzyme-lipase/compare-html) concentration of substrate (3 ml cooking oil) concentration of inhibitor (1 ml bile salt) All of these are fixed so that it does not affect the reaction. Introduction: Proteins that are made up of long chains of amino acids are called enzymes. These enzymes act as catalysts in chemical reactions which decreases the activation required for the reaction and consequently
In addition, the freezing point of the same solution for sugar and salt was compared. The equation: ΔT= iKfm shows the relationship for the freezing point; which ΔT is the change of temperature from the original freezing point, i is the number(s) of particle(s) (van’t Hoff factor), Kf is the freezing point depression constant for the solvent, and m is the molality of solution. The experiment should be able to prove that one of the molalities of sugar solution will equal to the molality of salt. Procedures The experimenters began by calculating the concentrations of each sugar solution (g/mL). Results Information such as data, graphs, calculations, etc.
The loss in mass has taken place as the sucrose concentration has a low water potential, consequently the water leaves the potato tissue as it has a higher water concentration, thus the potato tissue loses mass. However, after 0.8M, we can see that the graph starts to curve off. If we were to add a few more concentrations of sucrose then we would see that there would be no further water loss. This would indicate that the potato tissue has become fully plasmolysed. I believe the results