Untying the Knot: an Extended Definition Essay on the Art of the Denoument

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The Untying of the Knot The conclusion of a literary work is often regarded as “merely…the final actions and descriptions” (Bauerlein, Gioia and Kennedy ) of a story. However, upon careful inspection, the critical reader is able to find an enhanced understanding and greater appreciation for the piece as a whole, simply by recognizing the way in which the author designed its finale. Aristotle described a conclusion as the “necessary and final outcome of the preceding events” (Bauerlein, Gioia and Kennedy ). A story with a unified plot has a clear-cut beginning, middle and ending, with no room for any interpretation of the final resolution; mysteries have been solved, complications are cleared up, and the action has ceased. This can be defined as a closed dénouement. French for “the untying of the knot” (Gioia and Kennedy 714), dénouement can present itself in more than one form. An open dénouement is an equivocal conclusion, leaving matters unresolved and open to reader speculation. “Godfather Death” is a short story taken from oral tradition and put into writing by the famed Grimm brothers, and clearly illustrates the type of conclusion Aristotle found to be so necessary. The plot moves along swiftly and without superfluous detail until we reach the climax, where Death acts as though he will grant his godson renewed life. Instead, he “deliberately fumble[s]…the new candle, and the stub topple[s] over and [goes] out” (Grimm 13). The closed dénouement is entirely encapsulated within the final sentence, in which “the doctor immediately drop[s] to the ground…into the hands of Death” (13). Imagination finds no opportunity to wonder at the fate of the protagonist in this conclusion; it is too concrete. The knot is not always untangled so decidedly. In “Hairball”, Margaret Atwood seems to delight in leaving the reader with an enormous amount of speculation as to
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