In Experiment 2, explain why the membrane potential between the axon hillock and axon either changed or did not change with threshold stimulus. Differences of 1.0 mV or less are not significant Thresold there are no changes between the axon hillock and axon as have reached the max level of action potential. 4. In Experiment 2, explain why the number of action potentials generated varied with increased stimulation frequency. With increased stimulation frequency varied as there were not any longer a refractory period available with the supra-threshold stimuli.
The static magnetic field exerts a magnetic force that can dislodge the pacemaker leads. On a brighter note the more modern up to date pacemakers are smaller and have less moving parts. They have leads that are less susceptible to the magnetic force and have a lower risk factor of being moved. (Ahmed, et al., 2013) The radiofrequency field effects the pacemaker differently than the static magnetic field. It can actually heat the lead used in the older models.
How is this nano? A material can act differently when it’s nanometer-sized. (A nanometer is a billionth of a meter.) On the nanoscale, magnetite is paramagnetic, meaning that it’s magnetic only in the presence of a magnet. But on the macroscale, magnetite is permanently magnetic.
An optimised imaging modality would result from a combination of these properties. One such emerging technique that achieves this is Cherenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI). CLI harnesses Cherenkov radiation to image radionuclides using OI instruments2. Cherenkov radiation is a well known phenomenon that arises when charged particles, such as β- or β+ travel through an optically transparent material with a velocity that exceeds the speed of light in the material. As the particle travels through the medium it loses kinetic energy by polarizing the electrons of the given material.
This is because there is a relation between the energy of light and its frequency: the greater the energy the higher the frequency. As light travel upwards in the earth´s gravitational fields, it loses energy, and so its frequency goes down. To someone high up, it would appear that everything down below was taking longer to happen. A prediction tested, showed that the clock at the bottom, which was nearer the earth, was found to run slower, in exact agreement with general relativity. The difference in the speed of clocks at different heights is now of considerable practical importance’s, with the advent of very accurate navigation systems bases on signals from satellites (GPS).
A positive voltage increased photocurrent while a negative voltage decreased photocurrent. The cutoff voltage is the negative voltage in which the electrons can no longer reach the anode, and thus there is no photocurrent. The voltage was decreased until the photocurrent was zero to find the cutoff voltage, which was measured to be -.87 volts. According to the collected data, and Vs-i graph, the photocurrent increased exponentially as the voltage was increased. Theoretically the photocurrent is supposed to level off once the saturation voltage is reached.
If true stress is plotted against true strain, the rate of strain hardening tends to become almost uniform, that is, the curve becomes almost a straight line [2]. The strain hardening coefficient of work is defined as the gradient of the straight part of the line. This is closely related to the shear modulus [2]. Therefore, a metal with a high shear modulus will have a high strain or work hardening coefficient. Grain size will also influence strain hardening, and a material with small grain size will strain harden more rapidly than the same material with a larger grain size.
Static electricity is produced from a process known as triboelectrification. To show how much static electricity an object has, it is determined by its position on the triboelectric series. Its position on this scale is determined by how tight the atom is holding the electrons. An atom is more positive in the triboelectric series if a material is more apt to give up electrons when in contact with another material. If a material is more apt to "capture" electrons when in contact with another material, it is more
These materials are crystals, generally silicon or germanium, that have had impurities added to them to give them these charges in a process called “doping”. In a bipolar transistor P and N-type materials are arranged in either a PNP or NPN configuration “sandwich”. The electrical
If you're going in a specific direction, you will always go in that direction unless something happens to you. 2. “The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector.” The second law shows that if you apply the same amount of force on two objects which have different masses, you will get different accelerations. The bigger the mass of an object, the less effect the force applied has on it.