The purpose of the lab was to determine which reactant was the limiting reactant, and to see how much of the other reactant was used. The true molarity of a compound can be defined as the amount of moles per liter of that substance. The equation of this single displacement chemical reaction done during this lab is 2Al(s) + 3CuCl(aq) → 3Cu (s) + 2AlCl2 (aq). In the reaction, the solid Aluminum replaces the Copper in Copper (II) Chloride to produce solid copper, and Aluminum Chloride. In order to find which reactant is the limiting reactant, an equation based on the molarity of the Copper (II) Chloride may be used, or the products of the reaction may be observed.
An ionic bond is the transfer of valence electrons between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that creates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, the non-metal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion. Ionic bonds require an electron donor, metal, and an electron acceptor, nonmetal. By losing those electrons, these metals can achieve noble-gas configuration and satisfy the octet rule.
If the reaction is first order, its graphical representation is seen as ln[A] (natural log of concentration) vs. time, and the slope of its like is also the negative rate constant. Finally, for a second order reaction the graph is shown as 1/[A] (inverse of concentration) vs. time, and the slope of its given line is the positive rate constant. By understanding the rate law and finding the value of the correct rate constant with respect to the order of the reaction, one can determine the half-life of the crystal violet. This is because the crystal violet undergoes a decay reaction with the sodium hydroxide. According to Beer's Law, the absorbance of crystal violet is proportional to its concentration.
In this step, as we watched the chemical reaction with the solids, we noticed a thinning in the substance. Also, the solids became lighter and moved to the top. When stirred, the solution began to turn green and then back to light blue, where copper began in the end of the first step. A combination reaction took place, and the balanced equation is: CuOs+H2SO4aq→CuSO4aq+H2O(I) Following this step, step 5 began, in which we added 300 mg of zinc to the solution. Once the zinc was added slowly to the solution, a gas was released and the solution began to change colors.
n (3) Solutions of aqueous sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react to form water and aqueous sodium chloride. co NaOH(s) → Na+(aq) + OH–(aq) ∆H1 = ? Chemistry with Vernier py In this experiment, you will use a Styrofoam-cup calorimeter to measure the heat released by three reactions. One of the reactions is the same as the combination of the other two reactions. Therefore, according to Hess’s law, the heat of reaction of the one reaction should be equal to the sum of the heats of reaction for the other two.
The reaction proceeds in a way that the lowest HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the diene and dieneophile will be used to proceed in the reaction. Thus, resulting in the regioselectivity that the diene and dienophile will react in a way that follows the frontier orbital theory that the “large-large” and the
Name: Alexis Savastano How Does pH Affect an Enzyme? Catalase is an enzyme that helps decompose the toxic hydrogen peroxide that is produced during normal cell activities. The products of this reaction are water and oxygen gas. The pressure of the oxygen gas in a closed container increases as oxygen is produced. Any increase in the rate of reaction will cause an increase in the pressure of the oxygen.
Distillation is used to purify a compound by separating it from a non-volatile or less-volatile material. When different compounds in a mixture have different boiling points, they separate into individual components when the mixture is carefully distilled. The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid phase of a compound equals the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid. The external pressure is usually the atmospheric pressure. Different compounds boil at different temperatures because each has a different, characteristic vapor pressure: compounds with higher vapor pressures will boil at lower temperatures.
Observe the color change while it is being heated. After observing the color change, find the mass and moles of the hydrate. Then find the mass and moles of the water eliminated. And lastly find the mole ratio of water to hydrate. For part 2, do the same thing as part 1 except use an unknown hydrate and calculate the percent mass of water in an unknown hydrate.
We resulted that lead, silver, and copper are the strongest oxidizing agents, and that magnesium and zinc are the weak oxidizing agents. The strong oxidizing agent oxidized the weak oxidizing agent and in turn the strong oxidizing agent got reduced while oxidizing the weak agent. When a reaction occurred, the solid metal reduced the ion, and in turn made it the more reactive metal. In part two we used a solvent extraction technique to derive an activity series for the halogens. With the use of this technique we placed chlorine, bromine, and iodine into solutions containing chloride, bromide, and iodide.