Quiz Essay

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Question 1 Which one of the following syllogisms is invalid? Answer No X are Y. Some Z are X. Therefore, some Z are not Y. Some X are Z. All X are Y. Therefore, some Y are Z. Some X are Y. Some Z are X. Therefore, some Z are Y. Some X are not Z. All X are Y. Therefore, some Y are not Z. 5 points Question 2 Which rule is being violated in the following syllogism? Only man (not the plants or animals) is that which has been called by God to avoid sin and reap the rewards of heaven. Martha is not a man. Therefore, Martha is not that which has been called by God to avoid sin and reap the rewards of heaven. Answer undistributed middle equivocation illicit minor illicit major 5 points Question 3 Which rule does the following syllogism violate? All persons in the secretaries' union are persons who make a lot of money. Ann is a secretary. Therefore, Ann is a person who makes lots of money. Answer equivocation illicit minor four-terms fallacy invalid conversion 5 points Question 4 If one of the statements in a syllogism is particular, the conclusion _____________. Answer must be particular. must be universal. can be particular or universal. must be singular. 5 points Question 5 Which one of the following is an example of a hypothetical statement? Answer Either I will go to the store or I will go to the bank. If Karen returns, then I will return also. Robert is not a very nice man. All of the above. 5 points Question 6 Which is true? Answer A deductive argument always ends with a conclusion that is a statement of probability, no matter how remote that probability. A sound deductive argument is one that has valid form and true premises. Premises of deductive arguments are never derived through induction. All of the above are true. 5 points

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