In this step, as we watched the chemical reaction with the solids, we noticed a thinning in the substance. Also, the solids became lighter and moved to the top. When stirred, the solution began to turn green and then back to light blue, where copper began in the end of the first step. A combination reaction took place, and the balanced equation is: CuOs+H2SO4aq→CuSO4aq+H2O(I) Following this step, step 5 began, in which we added 300 mg of zinc to the solution. Once the zinc was added slowly to the solution, a gas was released and the solution began to change colors.
History Vitalism originated with Socrates and Hippocrates. Socrates theorised that matter has both energy and physical form until it dies and loses its energy force. Whilst Hippocrates believed the body should be viewed as a whole rather than a series of parts (Losee J, 2001). Vitalism gradually lost favour until the 1930’s when Einstein’s theory of relativity (splitting of the atom and realising there was an unseen energy force) brought vitalism back into consideration, although mechanism is still the most widely acknowledged concept. Chiropractic Education In 2000, 36 chiropractic schools from around the globe gathered at the World Federation of Chiropractic symposium to seek consensus
Eventually in 1936 Dean and his staff reported that 1.0 part per million (ppm) in drinking water would not cause dental fluorosis, or mottling. This was good news for the Aluminum industry. Between the years of 1855 – 1918 the European Smelters were getting complaints and lawsuits because of fluorine emission and byproduct contaminations done to local crops, herds and neighbors which were poisoned, damaged and killed. The American Smelter industry took notice, and became concerned. Interestingly, it was Andrew Mellon, the 49th Secretary of Treasury of the United States, and founder of Alcoa (Aluminum Company of America), who helped fund Dean’s research on the effects of fluoridated water.
Using a Buchner funnel, a hose, and a suction flask we created a vacuum filtrator which we used to help remove the remaining liquid on the copper so that we may make a more precise measurement of the mass of the remaining copper. Our final mass of copper was .7951 grams. Results and Discussion: Initial Mass of Cu: .25 grams When we mixed the 5 ml of 6 molar HNO3 the copper had disappeared, indicating it had been used in the reaction. The copper had undergone a single replacement reaction and a decomposition reaction. Initial equation: Cu(s) + HNO3(aq) -> Cu(NO3)2(aq) + NO2(g) +H2O(l) Balanced: Cu(s) + 4HNO3(aq) -> Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l) The copper had replaced the Hydrogen in the HNO3 and the NO3 had also broken down into NO2 and O2- allowing the H+ to bond with it and create
In 1888, he designed the Kodak. What he called the simple camera. It was easy to be carried and made focusing and lighting adjustment unnecessary. With 100 exposure roll film selling at $25, the Kodak became an international phenomenon over night. Eventually this led to the creation of motion pictures film in 1891 by Thomas Edison.
In 1864, after the Civil War, the composition of the Indian penny changed again - 95% copper and 5% zinc and tin. “The Coinage Act of 1864” was passed which made the penny legal currency. The penny’s composition (95% copper and 5% zinc) remained the same for over forty years, with the exception of 1943 the penny’s composition was zinc - coated steel due to the use of copper for the war effort. In 1909, Abraham Lincoln was the first historical figure on a U.S. coin. It commemorated his 100th birthday.The Lincoln penny was the first U.S. cent to include the words, “In God We Trust” from 1909-1958; the Lincoln coin’s flipside featured a wheat design.
Timeline of Railroad and Water Transportation Railroad Transportation 1824 : The General Survey Bill was the first significant legislative act to provide assistance to railroads. 1826-1834 : The state of Pennsylvania constructed a canal - railroad route that extended from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh on the Ohio River. 1832 : The Railroad Iron Bill was another law promoting railroad transportation. The bill was passed by Congress after several years of debate which removed the tariffs on iron imported for use as rails. 1834 : The first railroad land grant was made to the Tallahassee Railroad.
INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY In the fall of 1999, Germantown Friends School (GFS) "inverted" its upper-school science sequence from biology-chemistry-physics to physics-chemistry-biology, joining about 150 other schools which, at that time, had opted for "physics first"1. Although the arguments in favor of the inverted sequence1-8 are persuasive, they are based more on the intellectual logic of the sequence than on measured outcomes. I do not know of any quantitative studies that explore the effects of teaching physics in the ninth grade. I set out to explore one small facet of the GFS changehow replacing biology by physics in the ninth grade affects the math skills of the students. Setting The students attending this K-12, co-educational, private day school are from Philadelphia and surrounding suburbs.
After Adams’ four year term Jefferson ran against him again and in 1801 was elected the third president of the United States. His first term as president was greatly successful and he was able to negotiate the purchase of the Louisiana Territory which doubled the size of the Union. He served two terms and in 1808 his chosen successor, James Madison, won the election. He retired to Monticello, and in his 70’s decided to draw up the plans for The University of Virginia, his final achievement. Not only did he design the buildings, but he also hand picked the staff, selected the course material and reading lists for the
As a result many men built grand mansions along “millionaire’s row” on lower Fifth Avenue, which is still a very wealthy part of New York today. In the early 1800’s many corporate buildings went up as well and Madison Square Garden was officially designed to be a public area. In 1850 the population of New York City doubled due to all the people that were moving