This decision can be expressed either on a driver’s license or in a health care directive, which in some states are legally binding contracts. The second source is from a living donor. If a person does not have a living donor he or she is placed into a waiting pool for an organ from a cadaver by their transplant center. Deciding who gets a transplant most often is a decision about who lives and who dies. The primary ethical dilemmas surrounding organ transplantation arise from the shortage of available organs and the criteria on who should receive an organ first and why.
There are many stigmas related to organ donation, but most of them are relatively false, and in order to be well informed, you must know what organ donation is, how it works as well as how you can become an organ donor and what organs or tissues you can donate. Becoming an organ donor after death is not only an important decision for yourself, but it is also an important decision for the life that you have the power to save. Now the first thing we should
Then, the opposing argument was that people sell their sperm, blood, hair, plasma, eggs and are surrogates. Is that immoral or unethical? The current system has never been able to keep up with the amount of organ donations needed, and today the difference between the number of available organs and the number of people needing donations is growing larger. In the future, this will not change, but will instead continue to grow until it becomes nearly impossible to receive a donor organ within the necessary timeframe. The only way to ensure that this changes is to completely change the current organ transplant
The FDA uses postmarket requirement and commitment studies to gather additional information about a product's safety, efficacy, or optimal use. New Drug Application (NDA)--This is the formal step a drug sponsor takes to ask that the FDA consider approving a new drug for marketing in the United States. An NDA includes all animal and human data and analyses of the data, as well as information about how the drug behaves in the body and how it is manufactured. When an NDA comes in, the FDA has 60 days to decide whether to file it so that it can be reviewed. The FDA can refuse to file an application that is incomplete.
Created as a demonstration program in 1972, as part of the federal government's effort to correct widely reported problems in the nation's nursing homes, the program was established nationwide by the 1978 amendments to the Older Americans Act. The ombudsman program's major responsibilities as mandated by the Older Americans Act include: Individual advocacy: resolving complaints made by or on behalf of older individuals who reside in nursing homes and other types of long term care facilities (including assisted living, adult foster care and board and care facilities); protecting residents' rights; and ensuring regular and timely access to the ombudsman program. Systems advocacy: representing residents' interests before government agencies;
The Red Cross supplies about 40% of the nation’s blood supply and provides blood for patients in approximately 2,700 hospitals across the United States ("Blood Facts and Statistics", 2014). In providing life-saving products, abiding by lawful regulations regarding the handling of blood is strictly for the safety of the public to avoid transfusing disease as in the 2008 case of a blood transfusion that resulted in a patient contracting HIV ("HIV Transmission Through Transfusion --- Missouri And Colorado, 2008", 2010). The Red Cross strives for excellence in quality and control but this was questioned in the early 1990’s. “After years of quiet complaints about the Red Cross’s blood business, the F.D.A. reluctantly decided to go public with its concerns in 1993, obtaining a consent decree that required the Red Cross to strengthen quality control and training and improve its ability to identify, investigate and record problems” (Strom, 2008).
Ethical Dilemma of Blood Transfusions Health care personnel including doctors, nurses, administrators and other professionals are faced with ethical and legal issues on a daily basis. Many decisions require quick thinking and acting upon in life and death situations. What treatment should be done, are heroic measures to be instituted if the need arises, when is enough really enough, are some of the many questions that put health care personnel in ethical dilemmas. One ethical issue is the use of blood products for transfusions. Jehovah’s Witnesses do not believe it is acceptable to receive transfusions of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, or plasma.
In the UK alone there are some 9,000 people who need a transplant, in Germany 14,000, in the United States 97,000 and in China, 2,000,000 people all who are waiting for an organ. Some people on the transplant lists have been waiting for over a decade. For many, the challenge is to stay alive long enough for a matching organ to come available. The odds are better for those who are high on the waiting list, but even then, one never knows if and when they will receive an organ. The supply of available organs from deceased donors fails to meet the demand.
This critical shortage of donor organs is considered the number-one issue inorgan transplantation, because many more lives could have been saved. In 1998, 4,855 Americans died while awaiting organ transplants. Of those, 2,295 wereawaiting kidney transplants and 1,319 were awaiting livers. Other patients died waiting for donor hearts (767), lungs (486), kidneys and pancreases (93),intestines (45), hearts and lungs (41), and pancreases (9). During the 1990s, the number of people on U.S. transplant waiting lists tripled, while virtually no increase was recorded in the number of organs available for transplant.
That is to say, that a person that has a terminal painful cancer or a long suffering person in a vegetative state can choose to die before the body dies on its’ own, or leave their wishes stated in an advance directive to their family along with a do not resuscitate order to the doctor. That is called the Right to Die. This paper will explore The Right to Die. Along with the subject matter this paper will answer the following questions but not necessarily in order according to the Kaplan University requirements are: Is this true from a legal standpoint? Why or why not?