This incident inspired the overall civil rights movement in Montgomery. By Dr. King’s leadership of this massive movement called Montgomery Bus Boycott, it was intended to oppose the city’s policies on racial discrimination on its public transportation, in a non-violent way. The black community voted to boycott the bus system until it became desegregated. The boycott ended in 1956 when the U.S Supreme Court declared segregation in buses, unconstitutional and has no place in the Constitution. During this year of the bus boycott movement, King was threatened, arrested, and even his home was bombed.
After Park’s arrest, the black community organised a Montgomery bus boycott, the boycott would not end until the city hired black bus drivers and the seats on the bus were by first come. The boycott followers decided to call themselves the “Montgomery Improvement Association” or (MIA). The MIA elected a leader by the name of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., a newcomer to Montgomery. On the day Rosa Park’s trial, the boycott organisers handed out pamphlets telling all black people to not take the bus that day. That day, 40,000 black people walked to work in the poring rain, the boycott ending up lasting 382 days.
During the era of Grand Expectations people like Rosa Parks come to mind. At the time, city regulation stated that African Americans had to give up their seats on trains or busses if any white man asked for them. Most notable for refusing to give up her seat and not moving to the back of the bus, Rosa Parks “was arrested and convicted of violating the laws of segregation… and thus formally challenged the legality of segregation” (The Henry Ford, 2002). Initiations of boycotts of the bus systems began, and in Montgomery, where Rosa Parks ride took place, African Americans made up about 75 percent of the riders, thus showing an economic threat to the company and the white rule of the city (The Henry Ford, 2002). Above all, you can’t forget the impact, hard work, leadership and courageous acts of Martin Luther King, Jr. Like Rosa Parks, he became an iconic person of this era who with peaceful protests and encouraging words became a notable leader in the fight for equal rights.
Martin Luther King Jr. Report Martin Luther king Jr and Rosa parks were two very influential African American human rights activists throughout the 1950s-60s. The actions these two heroes did were to speak out even though they knew it would eventually cost them their lives but they just wanted to change the policies so that they could attempt to move people towards a world where everybody was considered equal with no regard for their skin colour. The work these two people have done for the community has been acknowledged throughout the world and has ultimately contributed to the human rights of African American in society today. We think these two people show real heroic and honourable traits with what they have accomplished throughout their time. In this presentation we will illustrate why we
Before there were any changes in public transportation, black Americans had to seat in the black section at the back of the bus (mainly in the South). They could not sit next to white people or either continues sitting if there were not enough spaces for whites. The movement started with the case of Rosa Parks. In 1955, Rosa Parks, a black American, has been arrested because of sitting on a white-only seat on a bus in Montgomery. Dissatisfied with this, black people has boycotted, which are 75% of the consumer of the bus company.
He became first known when he led the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1956, which was triggered when Rosa Parks was told to move and she refused resulting in a fine and a one year long boycott to end bus segregation. This was a significant event and refers to the key question because it demonstrated the importance of the black community using direct but non-violent action which ended bus segregation. But, we can infer that this event marked a split between the NAACP and King. Yet, it was the beginning for King, as he founded the SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) and through marches he helped to improve the black situations and attract national attention to racial equality evidently through the March to Washington (1 day event) however we can infer that this achieved very little but demonstrated that black people were ready to make a
One of the events during this time period was the Montgomery Bus Boycott. It was considered a major turning point as Rosa Parks - a seamstress worker and member of the NAACP refused to move from the segregated area of the bus, causing outrage throughout the black community. King organized a protest where for 381 days people refused to use the buses. As a result the bus companies of Montgomery lost masses of money which emphasized the importance of the black community, and the powerful influence that King had within America as he was able to lead them to success showing the effectiveness of non-violent protest. However, there were limitations of the bus boycott; the campaign lasted from December 1, 1955 to December 20, 1956 when a federal ruling, Browder v. Gayle, took effect, and led to a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional.
Kennedy, the strategy was to integrate blacks and whites in the buses in the South. James Farmer the CORE director was in the right path assuming that the racists of the South will give the opportunity to the Federal government to enforce the law. Starting from their first incident since their departure from Washington DC on May 4, 1961, the riders had an idea of what it was waiting for them but the events that took place with these people is beyond the imaginable; bombings, beatings and what is more grotesque than the hate of the whites against the blacks in the South was the leader authorities that pretended ignorance of the events that were taking place in their cities. The suffering of these victims was not in vain, although they did not finish the trip but because of their sacrifice, the segregation in interstate bus travel was outlawed by Robert
(BOOK). The campaign for desegregation won in the 1954 Brown v Board of Education case, where the Supreme Court decided that the desegregation of elementary schools was unconstitutional. On December 5 1955, NAACP activists organized a bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama to challenge segregation on the city’s buses, of which two-thirds of the riders were black. This led to Alabama refusing to allow the NAACP to operate within its borders, and although the NAACP overturned this in 1958, they lost their leadership role for the civil rights movement in Alabama. Other groups such as the SCLC and the SNCC also emerged with new ideas.
One of the most notable and great contributors to the Civil Rights Movement was the Freedom Riders. The freedom riders were civil rights activists who ride interstate buses in the segregated south to challenge local laws and or customs that enforced segregation. However, the most notable figure in the liberation of African American racism is Martin Luther King JR. Martin Luther King used nonviolent methods and teachings of Mahatma Ghandi to fight for justice for African Americans. One of his nonviolent actions that had a tremendous effect fighting segregation in the south was the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955, of which an African American lady Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man and she was arrested. King leads this boycott for 385 days to the point that he got arrested and his house got bombed, but led to Browder vs. Gayle which ended racial segregation in all Montgomery public buses.