Ethical considerations in diagnosis There are a lot of ethical consideration in psychological diagnosis, and they greatly influence the process of diagnose. Szasz pointed out ethical issues in diagnosis, which is labeling&stigma. He argues that patients labeled as “mentally disorder” “criminal” would effect their position in society. They would be reject by the society because of the labeling. His argument had effect the classification system, in DSM-IV the new identity are given to those patients so they would be accept by the society.
“Ethical Language is Subjective”. Discuss. (35) Subjectivity or Objectivity in the way that ethical language is used is considered within the broader study of meta-ethics, often described as a second order moral discourse, which considers the meaning of ethical terms such as good, bad, right or wrong. To say that ethical language is subjective is to suggest that there does not exist an objective or universally accepted understanding of, for example, goodness and that is merely reflects an individual’s opinion or viewpoint. AJ Ayer in his book “language, truth and Logic” outlines what is commonly called the “emotivist” approach to ethical language.
“Conversely, a person who has a reputation for scientific misconduct is more likely to be judged harshly for plagiarizing because of his consistent past of unethical behavior (Penslar, Robin, L., 1995). The fact that this ethical theory does not consider a person’s change in moral character; it is one of its weaknesses. Utilitarianism is more concerned with the good for all. “According to this theory an individual’s rights may be infringed upon in order to benefit a greater population.” (2013) Utilitarianism, in terms of ethics, is an individual trying to make a positive change for a larger group, and morally would guide themselves in decision in regard to the group they are associated with or belong to. There are two types of utilitarianism, act utilitarianism which a person performs the acts that benefit most of the people regardless to a person’s feeling or the laws, and rule utilitarianism which takes the law
“Psychologists have a real dilemma in carrying out works in socially sensitive areas. Such work raises difficult ethical issues and yet it may provide insights into some of society’s most pressing problems.” Discuss issues relating to the ethics of SSR, such as those raised in this quotation Socially sensitive research describes studies in which there are potential social consequences or implications, either directly for the participants in research or the class of individuals represented by the research. Socially sensitive research can produce risks for many people other than those directly involved, for example, members of the group to which participants belong, people closely associated with the participants, the experimenter/s or even the research institution to which the experimenter/s belong. Sieber and Stanley 1988 have argued that ethical concerns can arise with respect to 4 major aspects of such research; deciding on the research question or hypothesis to be tested, the conduct of the research and treatment of the participants, the institutional context and the interpretation and application of findings in ways far removed from the intentions of the experimenter. When looking at research that attempts to link crime to genetics, both legal and moral implications are created.
In both cases also, the ethical codes prohibit harming of the client in any way. The AACC ethical codes for instance, provide that no harm, exploitation, undue discrimination or any kind of pain shall be inflicted on the clients (American Association of Christian Counselors, 2004). The ACA ethical codes on the other hand, state that counselors should avoid harming their clients, and to minimize any unavoidable or unanticipated harm (American Counseling Association,
In Milgram's experiment, test subjects were asked to do something that was, on the surface, unethical. Milgram was fascinated by the way people could be persuaded to cause harm to individuals if the instructions came from authoritative figures or those who would be considered credible. Although Milgram's experiment would not be conducted today for ethical reasons, the information derived from Milgram's experiment
In fact, some believe that this service allows them to delegate part of their work so they can focus on what really matters to them; their major. Others believe the use of these services is plagiarism and therefore unethical. They also feel that students who use the services are in violation of the academy integrity policies of the college. Students using these services and turning in papers that they have not written are committing plagiarism (Ruggiero, 2012). In order to answer the question of whether the essay writing services are ethical or not, we can use different ethical theories to reach a conclusion.
However, passiveness is a mere possibility for view pertaining to ethical psychology (Berk, 2010). Researchers find it necessary to distinguish when the more deliberative progressions operate, and how each relates to one another; such is the case with this week's scenario, Jane and the assigning moral reasoning through her cognition responses (Walden, 2012; Berk, 2010). An individual may have to decide to tell the truth; even if the person is risking hurting someone's feelings with a white lie. For example, if one was to clean out their closet, they would in turn, make a moral choice, whether to give the toy away or make a profit by selling them. Piaget, Kohlberg, and Gilligan believe the reasoning behind the rationale is what determines a person's level of principled development (Walden, 2012).
Thus, since cultural relativism states that we can’t judge other cultures moral codes, then we must be tolerant of them. The Cultural Relativism theory generates an argument in a form of proposing a conclusion about morality based upon facts of a culture. For example, infanticide is a moral code of the Eskimo society. The Eskimo’s believe that infanticide is morally acceptable while American’s view infanticide as iniquitous. As a conclusion, infanticide is not right or wrong because it depends on the cultures opinion and beliefs about infanticide.
Ethical issues in relation to psychological Research on human participants 1) The question of ethics is critical to psychological research define what we mean by ethics in relation to psychology. Ethics in relation to psychology is the study of nature and basis of moral thought. Ethics and morality is to do with what is right and wrong. Researchers have to stick to a strict ethical code of practice before any research can be carried out. This ethical code of practice is produced by the British Psychological Society (BPS )for short.