Billie Holiday's Upbringing

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Billie Holiday’s Upbringing Elbretta Hollis Colorado Technical University Abstract This paper will discuss the how Billie Holiday was raised and how her upbringing affected her through her years as an adolescence into adulthood. It will also give a synopsis of her personality. I will be using Erikson’s and Kohlberg’s theories to attempt to portray Billie’s younger years. Then I will discuss what her motivations that pushed her to succeed. Billie Holiday Childhood to Adulthood Billie Holiday was conceived by a thirteen year old single child. Her mother Sadie was basically disowned by her parents because she was pregnant. Sadie Harris had Billie and entrusted her care to her half-sister Eva Miller who happened to be married because Sadie did not have the means to take care of Billie. The first ten years of Billie’s life was pretty much without her mother because Sadie worked as a server on passenger railroads. Although Sadie left Billie with her half-sister, Billie was basically taken care of by Eva’s mother-in-law Martha Miller. In 1920 Sadie married Phillip Gough and it appeared to be normal family life for Billie being with her mother and having a father. After two years Sadie and Phillip were divorced. Billie and her mother were on their own and struggling. She was again left with Martha as her mother went back to work on the passenger trains. Billie began skipping school and her mother had to attend truancy court. As a result of that in, January 1925, at the age of 9 Billie was placed at the House of The Good Sheppard, which was a Catholic Reform School for troubled African American girls. (Billie Holiday, 2012) She was there for nine months and then was released on parole. Her mother became a business owner by opening a restaurant and Billie worked there with her. By the age of eleven Billie had dropped out of school. In 1926, Billie was sexually

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