Balsam Woolly Adelgid Essay

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Balsam Woolly Adelgid (BWA) (Adelges piceae) The balsam woolly adelgid can be found in quite a few places in North America. It originated from Europe and Asia and spread to Minnesota around the 1900’s – 1920’s. This very tiny insect was dispersed by wind, birds, deer, and humans, and continues to move (north) at a rate of 30 kilometers per year. It is mainly found in northeastern Minnesota in forests with hemlock and balsam trees and even in home landscaping, as well. The BWA population is rather big, it consists of 100 to 200 adelgid per square inch of bark in northeastern Minnesota. This species has a little different reproduction system than others. The balsam woolly adelgid’s reproductive strategy is asexual and only reproduces females. For its life cycle, it has three stages of metamorphosis – egg, nymph, and then adult. When it reproduces, it generally has only two generations per year. Also, of those generations there are typically between 50 and 300 eggs produced on the underside of the branches. The balsam woolly adelgid is a very small invasive sucking insect that you can find in coniferous forests. It is…show more content…
The hemlock woolly adelgid is in the same species and is very similar to the balsam, and does exactly the same things only on hemlock trees. So, BWA is free from natural enemies that keep the pest under control in its native range. Three adaptations the balsam woolly adelgid has acquired by living in Minnesota is that it can live in cold and humid temperatures because it had a waxy wool-like material to cover its body, it’s very small so it doesn’t have any predators, and there are so many of them it’s hard to kill them all. It also is a threat to Minnesota ecosystems because in some localities, firs are slowly being eliminated from the ecosystem; and adelgid populations continue to spread to previously uninfested areas. It caused the gaunting of branch nodes and the terminal growth of
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