The principle of utility continually states that morally right actions produce happiness for all the affected people whose concerns are involved in the picture. If the happiness of the affected individuals by an action is not achieved, then the deed is considered as morally incorrect. The correctness or illness of an action can be calculated but, it relies on the amount of pleasure or pain resultant from that
Describe and evaluate two or more theories of the formation of romantic relationships (9 marks + 16 marks) January 2011 One theory that outlines the formation of relationships is the reward/ need satisfaction theory that was developed by Byrne and Clore (1970). The theory suggests that we form a relationship because the presence of a particular individual is associated with reinforcement. This is because rewarding stimuli creates positive feelings and these stimuli may be people. These people therefore make us happy, so, due to operant conditioning, we seek to adopt behaviours that lead to a desirable outcome and avoid those that lead to an undesirable outcome. Therefore, the presence of an individual produces positive reinforcement as they have a more attractive appeal.
Perhaps more so than Emotivists, Prescriptivists see ethical language as fairly meaningful. They believe that the terms used are able to create absolute rules that everyone ought to follow. It would seem that ethical language is seen by many as very meaningful, although for varying reasons. However agent centred theories such as Virtue Ethics would argue that our main focus of morality should be on becoming as virtuous as possible, rather than deciding what is meant by ethical language. Therefore it would seem that perhaps morality should be more focussed on individuals’ actions rather then defining what is meant by ‘good’ and
This calculation, which relies heavily on the “greatest amount” to reach a solution, sounds more like an algebraic expression in need of a solution than an examination into one’s own mental and emotional process in determining what are morally correct actions. Although act-utilitarianism can prove to be a faulty theory among philosophers and theories, but the developments that unfold in the film demonstrate otherwise. Additionally, I will infer on John Stuart Mill and his intellectual line of thought to establish a more lucent understanding of the theory. Mills was a renowned 19th century philosopher who believed that quality was more important than quantity when it came to pleasure, in particular, pleasures of the mind. The consequentialist nature of utilitarianism and its moral value placed on acts that produce pleasure and pain leads us to analyze the rightfulness or wrongfulness of the act committed.
There are many ways to do so. Susan Schreter (2008) recommends three simple steps to improve profitability. The first one is to cut out unprofitable products and services. Company A’s current product is generating $2 per piece, which is not enough to cover the variable cost, so the firm is losing money making this current product. Therefore, company A needs to stop making this product.
The concept of virtue ethics by the philosopher Aristotle looks at how we should not look at the right and wrong actions we do by following guidelines, but look at us as human beings becoming virtuous people, through doing virtuous things. The statement of the weaknesses of virtue ethics outweighing the strengths is to an extent true, in particular when you look at the limitations of virtue ethics when claiming the doctrine of mean. Firstly by looking at the aim if virtue ethics we can gain an insight to the whole concept, Aristotle claimed that in life our aim is to reach fulfilment of happiness, which he called eudemonia. To achieve eudemonia you have to practice virtues and achieve these virtues, through education, emulation and experience. So we learn the virtue by copying someone who is a role model or mentor to confirm our virtue is right and finally practice and experience said virtue.
Consequential is a type of ethical theory; it’s built upon moral views of acts, rules, etc. purely due to the consideration of their consequences, where the norm of consideration is worked as the norm of non-moral goodness. Happiness is a part of acquiring what could be an unsatisfying truth that we do not have a solid handle of our control or impact in our world; giving into the greatest good, as well as, ignoring what can bring negativity. It is important to make the best out of life as possible that represent positive and negative, and take the rest as life wants to give it. The theory of “good” and bad is really not a matter of concern; we have our own particular views, so what can be bad may actually be good.
I’m not saying don’t help them, but don’t let them become dependent upon parents/ caregivers being the sole sources of their support. “While the high cost of housing in some cities and low entry-level job salaries have contributed to the boomerang phenomenon, some parents want to "protect" their children for as long as possible, More said” (More parents supporting adult children, 2005). “He who spares his rod hates his son, but he who loves him disciplines him promptly” (Solomon, 1997). So the question to parents of boomerang children would be, when is too much support, just too
Consequentialism assumes that if human being would weigh the outcome of their taboos and beliefs, then happiness can be achieved and pain reduced. But utilitarianism assumes that people can only value a virtue if it is deemed beneficial in accomplishing human happiness. For example utilitarians believe that truth will make a better society while consequentialists believe that truth will make a better society only if the outcome causes no harm. Basically utilitarianism assumes that the wrongness or rightness of an act depends on the moral good produced as a result of doing that act. This implies that an act is right if it minimizes violation of a certain moral right thus no one should violate moral rights for happiness sake and be justified.
As human beings we ought to help each other out to succeed in our own destiny. “Even people who claim no entitlements to happiness would likely be in favor of reducing human suffering in the world”(Falikowski, Egoistic Versus Altruistic Utilitarianism, 2005). We must take a look into what the morality of this issue to understand why it is right or wrong. We can refer to Jeremy Bentham’s view on Utilitarianism when discussing this topic. The principle of utility states that the quality of life matters when it comes to pleasure, and if we were to make the quality of a person’s life better, we must be useful and relieve that person from pain and suffering.