Explain how issues of validity and/or reliability may affect the classification and/or diagnosis of schizophrenia [10] Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder. This means it’s a loss of contact with reality, consistent with serious mental illness which typically includes delusions, hallucinations and disordered thinking. The disorder was first identified by Kraeplin(1986) who used the term ‘Dementia Praecox’. Bleuler (1911) later coined the term schizophrenia, which means split (schizo) mind (phrenia). Classification involves identifying groups or patterns of behavioural symptoms that occur together to form a type of mental disorder (e.g.
Personality disorders are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's culture. These patterns develop early, are inflexible, and are associated with significant distress or disability. The definitions may vary somewhat, according to source. Personality, defined psychologically, is the set of enduring behavioral and mental traits that distinguish human beings. Hence, personality disorders are defined by experiences and behaviors that differ from societal norms and expectations.
Jordaan (2013) explains that psychosis refers to a cluster of symptoms, among these disruptions in moods, thoughts, perception, language and behaviour. Jordaan goes on to say that Schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder with psychosis being the primary and central set of symptoms, although not all symptoms present in all people. These symptoms can be categorised as positive (active symptoms) and negative symptoms (absence or decline of normal functions) (Jordaan,
Elevated disorders such as mania and hypomania. Depressed moods such as clinical or major depression and moods which cycle between the two such as bipolar disorder. Mood disorders can also be substance induced. Personality Disorder Personality refers to the pattern of thoughts such as behaviour and feelings that makes us the individuals we are. Depending on the situation we are in we don’t as individuals behave think behave or feel the same.
Case Study HCA/210 Case Study According to The American Heritage Dictionary (n.d.), mental illness is any of various conditions characterized by impairment of an individual's normal cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning, and caused by social, psychological, biochemical, genetic, or other factors, such as infection or head trauma. Mental illness affects the way a person thinks or behaves. Bipolar, schizophrenia, and depression are among the most common mental illnesses people hear about today. It is far more difficult to spot a mental illness than a physical illness because a mental illness is not always apparent. The difference being, physical illness can be seen, and mental illness can hide, even masquerade it’s symptoms for long periods of time without any treatment.
2. DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for Personality Disorders A. An enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture. This pattern is manifested in two (or more) of the following areas: 1) cognition (i.e. ways of perceiving and interpreting self, other people and events) 2) affectivity (i.e.
Assignment 3: Mental Illness General Psychology • Describe the disorder. What are the typical symptoms of the disorder? • What is the typical age of onset of the disorder? • Is the disorder more prevalent in men or in women? I chose the disorder OCD-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
Unit CMH 302 Understand mental health problems Outcome 1 Know the main forms of mental ill health 1. describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (dsm/icd) classification system: mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, substance-related disorders, eating disorders, cognitive disorders Anxiety disorders – General anxiety disorder Psychotic disorders – Delusional disorder Substance-related disorders – Alcohol abuse Eating disorders - Anorexia nervosa/Bulimia nervosa Cognitive disorders - Alzheimer's disease 2. explain the key strengths and limitations of the psychiatric classification system The classification system provides a means for the multi axial assessment and includes Primary Diagnosis, Relationship Disorder, Medical and Developmental Disorders and conditions, Psychosocial Stressors, and Functional Emotional Development Level. Some approaches are less familiar to clinicians than other approaches and there would be no agreement on the choice of dimensions. 3. explain two alternative frameworks for understanding mental distress. Biological and medical frameworks (sometimes referred to as the disease model) view psychological problems as resulting, in the main, from physical causes such as brain defects, hereditary factors or as the results of accidents or injury. Behavioural frameworks are closely aligned to learning theories and have long been associated with early exponents of conditioning theories.
Dissociative Identity Disorder "A psychological disorder ...is a pattern of behavioral or psychological symptoms that impact multiple life area and/or create distress for the person experiences these symptoms " as stated by Kendra Cherry. Psychological disorders are also known as mental illnesses. Dissociative Identity Disorder is a mental illness that captures the lives of many. The first case of Dissociative Identity Disorder was thought to be recognized and described in 1646. This disorder was formerly known as multiple personality disorder can be the result of many things.
The person may suffer with responses that are un appropriate in certain situations as well as the usual signs (rapid heartbeat, sweating and nervousness. Anxiety disorders include post-traumatic stress, obsessive compulsive disorder and phobias. Psychotic disorders - involve distorted awareness and thinking. People experience images and sounds that are not real. The ill people believe they are true despite being shown evidence.