Vasco De Gama reached India in 1498. This was the beginning of the European infiltration of Indian Ocean trade, bringing about many changes. The Portuguese took over more trade and established ports like Goa in India. Then Britain too dominated trade in conjunction with joint stock companies like the Dutch East India Company. The Chinese traded silks, porcelain and other luxury goods with Europe and Arabia, even as the Ming set rules up for when, where and who could trade at specific spots.
The Columbian Exchange Between 1492 and 1750, there were many drastic demographic and environmental effects of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas and Europe. The bringing of new diseases impacted both of these regions influencing their populations, affecting the Americas more when smallpox was brought by the European explorers. Also demographically was the establishment of silver mines and sugar plantations causing new labor systems directed by the Europeans. Agricultural goods also had a lasting impact with the Americas being introduced to sugar and domesticated animals as well as Europe being introduced to new crops with the Columbian Exchange. With the trading of the Columbian Exchange, diseases were increasing and affecting both the Americas and Europe.
Western Europe experienced the largest amount of changes because the main countries that were becoming involved in international trade were located here. These countries include England, Spain, and Portugal. After contact had first been made with people on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, the first stock exchange was set up in 1538, which represented a steady economy and businesses that could be trusted to continue success within the companies. Along with the new businesses and technology, through international trade, new products were introduced to Europe such as tobacco and potatoes. Companies that focused on trade were also introduced, such as the Dutch, English, and French East India companies.
The Spanish, French, and Dutch had many similarities and differences in starting their empires in North America. Spain was the first to gain early success in North America. With the mining of rich silver deposits they became the richest nation in Europe. The French and Dutch were curious as to how they were doing this so they both went to North America to check out what the Spanish were doing. As time went on, the Spanish had so much money that inflation began to occur.
After the Ming dynasty declined due to civil unrest, led to the destruction of Ming Dynasty. 3. Intentional effects of the Columbian Exchange are the following: cash-crops trade, colonization (in terms of making a home, and expanding culture), power (social status), population growth of slaves in Africa (for more slaves), forced labor, occupying land militarily, and taking advantage of diseases by allowing the Aztecs to be wiped out in Mexico. Unintentional effects of the Columbian Exchange were the diseases that occurred, and the sudden population growth due to cash crops specifically in China 4. First it was discovered by Spanish, then they began to mine it using forced labor of natives and slaves, after they had obtained
The discovery of American silver and its subsequent influx into Europe and Asia had a significant impact on the growth of world trade, to the extent that it is accurate to say that the growth in trade at this time laid the foundations for a world economy. In the Early Modern Period there was a world market for silver, and "silver was a product produced for profit just like any other commodity." The discovery of silver in the Americas led to an increase in trade between the silver markets of the world. In particular, silver was widely used by Europeans to acquire goods from Asia. This increase in trade and the routes through which it was conducted, laid the foundations for a world economy.
Death was rampant at this time. Diseases such as smallpox, measles, malaria, influenza, and yellow fever were transferred from the old wold to The Europeans had been exposed to these sicknesses before and had different cures and ways of fighting it. But when the Indians caught wind of these illnesses they were devastated by the effects. There tribes were very susceptible, through the air and through touch. They were a more isolated human, so when the Europeans came and took over there immune systems were not at all prepared to face and fight back al;l the diseases that came there way.
These were exchanged at a profit on the coast of Africa for Negroes, who were traded on the plantations, at another profit, in exchange for a cargo of colonial produce to be taken back to the home country. As the volume of trade increased, the triangular trade was supplemented, but never supplanted, by a direct trade between home country and the West Indies, exchanging home manufactures directly for colonial produce. Most significant, however, is the fact that the trade in slaves was the key aspect of the triangular trade in which the increasing demand for goods led to the expansion and further development of capitalist industry in Europe. It is important to understand the historical though costly contribution of
The Columbian Exchange The Columbian Exchange created different impacts on the populations in the old and new world. The Columbian Exchange was the global diffusion of plants, food crops animals, human populations, and disease pathogens that took place after the voyages of exploration by Christopher Columbus and other European mariners. (Jerry H. Bentley, 2010) With the Columbian Exchange involving lands with different flora, fauna, and diseases. With the various species in the different hemispheres being evolved around separate lines, the European voyages permanently altered the world’s human geography and natural environment. Between the Americas and the Pacific islands, small pox, but measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, and influenza took heavy tolls on many people.
Africa contained a great number of natural rescources valuable to Europe such as: cotton, palm oil, rubber, ivory, gum, peanuts, bananas, coffee, cocoa, zinc, lead, coal, and copper. These valuable raw materials were used to create products that Europe could export and trade for a huge profit. These products included: fabrics, soaps, candles, tires, drugs, food products, electrical wiring, electrical insulation, rope and twine, jewelry, and many others. The invasion of Africa yielded many valuable economic advancements, and created a logical reason for Europe to invade. European imperialism in Africa was partly due to rivalries between the different European countries involved, with Britain, Germany and France the dominant powers.