The payment of money for votes is an illegal practice, but it has worked insome cases. A majority of effective lobbyists have previously been on Washington Insiders, Executive offical or cabinet members, or lastly former member of a certain lobbying group. They work very closely with Senators and house members in order to gain strength in the policy making process. 8)How do interest groups lobby the executive? Interest groups lobby the executive by giving members of the executive branch information and the public's stance on an issue.
'The Wilhelmine Germany was an entrenched authoritarian state'. How far do you agree with this judgement? Whether Wilhelmine Germany was an entrenched state is a subject of much debate among historians. Although many have argued that it was mainly the structure of the consititution in Wilhelmine Germany which gave the Kaiser complete authority over Germany. However structuralists have argued that mass political movements in Germany were on the rise and did in fact influence politics.
This is criticised because the current political party in power have the ability to make their own decisions for the UK before listening to what the people want. This then becomes a problem because they may make changes that the majority of the population will not agree with. However, near to the next election they may decide to listen to people as they want them to vote for them (the current political party in power) during the next election. Secondly, the UK has a hereditary monarchy and a house of lords, both which are not elected. This contradicts a democratic society and is seen as a dictatorship because elections are the cornerstone of a democracy.
Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat” (Marx and Engels 1848). Social class, therefore, is based upon economic criteria and conflict occurs between those who own the means of production (bourgeoisie) and the wage-labourers (proletariat). As well as having economic control over the proletariat, the bourgeoisie also have the power to determine the superstructure; the ruling class can distort perceptions of the world and hide the true nature of social relationships and the exploitation of the proletariat and, above all, promote bourgeoisie interests. Marx defines production as workers selling their labour for wages in order to exchange money for commodities that will meet their most basic needs. As Marx
1. The “classical model of politics” is where there are a number of different correct forms of government, and each form of government can devolve into a dishonest form of government, in which it can, and often times will, become corrupted. Thucydides has been called the father of the school of Political Realism, which basically is the idea that states’ main motivation is the desire for military and economic power, and not ideals and ethics. It is like power politics. Thucydides does not directly support the argument of the “classical model of politics” but his views of Political Realism sort of allude to it.
One issue with the composition of the Supreme Court is the power that justices have. This is due to the prevalence of judicial activism which is when judicial rulings are suspected of being based on personal or political considerations rather than existing law. An example of this would be “Brown vs Board of Education” where judges ruled the segregation of schools to be “unconstitutional”. This could be seen to be activist because it is a case of liberal judges using their power to push forward reform in the area of civil rights on account of their political philosophy. This is a key issue because an activist court causes controversy through its ability to make decisions based on their political ideologies rather than the constitution.
Assignment One In Miles Benson article, Political consultants tailor candidates’ message to what the voters want to hear, he has several opinions and views on how political consultants, opinion polls and negative advertising affect how politicians want us to feel, react and ultimately vote. It seems that research has discovered that if a politician talks in platitudes he has a better chance of getting himself or herself elected. Being specific seems to detrimental because too many questions are asked. Bill Hillsman, a media expert said that, “obviously, a candidate seeking votes is going to emphasize shared concerns and issues that are popular. But all too often political leadership simply means finding out what the people want and telling them you’ll give it to them” (Benson A3).
In Chris Matthews’ book, Hardball, the author discusses politics as if it were a game and the strategies one needs in order to succeed in it. Matthews worked with many famous and successful politicians. After many firsthand experiences, Matthews was able to write Hardball, a book that teaches one the keys to the game of politics and even the errors made by past politicians that led to the ruining of their careers. Matthews uses Hardball as a way of informing any who seek success in the political world of important concepts and rules, many of which are similar to or the same as the concepts and rules created by the Italian, Niccolo Machiavelli, one of the founders of modern political science. In his book, Matthews explains the importance of having knowledge of alliances, enemies, deals, and reputations as these are important factors when it comes to being successful in the game known as politics.
Some go so far as to advocate direct democracy, in which the people, not their representatives, vote directly on legislation. However, an educated electorate is necessary for the success of any democracy, and there is a real question as to whether the public is educated or informed enough to vote directly on the nuts and bolts of government policies. What do liberals believe about the constitution? Liberals note that constitutions and their amendments are passed just like other laws: after extensive debate and by a vote of the people's elected representatives. The only difference is that constitutional amendments are much harder to pass than laws, because they require a two-third's majority in Congress and a three-fourth's majority of the
TeaPartyUniversity at Gmail.Com The Tea Party Movement has been a major political force since its commencement in 2009, but even though the effects of the movement have been apparent to the informed citizen, the organizational methods, motivation, and rationale behind the Tea Party movement has tended to be debatable and ambiguous to many American citizens. Moreover, the independence of the Tea Party in terms of its hesitance to adjoin to one specific organization or idea has proved to be the primary strength of the movement. Many critics of the Tea Party Movement have asserted that the Tea Party Movement is merely a group of “conservative activists with a new identity funded by Republican business elites and reinforced by a network of