By following the matching principle all of the costs associated with a particular product, not just its wholesale price, is expensed when the item is sold. Requirement 2 - A Generally, the lower of cost or market method is used to value inventory in order to “avoid reporting inventory at an amount greater than the benefits it can provide” (Spiceland, Sepe, & Nelson, 2013, p. 476). According to Spiceland, Sepe, and Nelson (2013) the “change in replacement cost usually is a good indicator of the direction of change in selling price” (p. 477). When the change in replacement cost is negative the LCM method allows companies to apply the conservatism principle. The conservatism principle involves “recognizing expenses and liabilities as soon as possible when there is uncertainty about the outcome, but to only recognize revenues and assets when they are assured of being received” (The conservatism principle).
Elaine Ust ACC 202 Module 4 Case Allocating fixed costs Activity based management and activity based costing is different from a more traditional costing method because it uses multiple cost drivers and multiple overhead pools to allocate or apply overhead to products and cost objects. The main characteristics of ABC and ABM is that the charge the division or products for use of overhead resources consumed by charging for activities that are thought to drive costs. The goal is to create awareness that activities drain resources and have the products that use the resources have the costs mapped to their product or division. In this way the divisions and products that use the most resources are charged for those resources. Traditional allocations with one resources to spread overhead often charges products an "average rate" and so fussy and difficult products get a break (charged less than they consume or "under costed") and easy low-hassle products look worse than they are (charged more then they consumer or "over costed").
As the time horizon increases, variable costs rely less on existing factors and restrictions and therefore will begin behaving differently which will in turn affect the cost of production (Wright, 2007). The second way a firm that’s into profit maximization can decide its greatest level of output is by way of the marginal revenue -- marginal cost method. This is done by subtracting the marginal cost from the marginal revenue that a product generates. Using marginal cost and marginal revenue as the bases, profit maximization will be obtained at the point when marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost. If the marginal revenue is greater than marginal cost this would be when a profit maximizing firm would need to increase production until marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost.
a and b. e. a, b and c. True and False 1. The true test of supply’s contribution is when the chief executive officer and the management team recognize the value of supply and suppliers in reducing prices paid for goods and services. 2. Sustainability initiatives include the effective and efficient capture and disposition of downstream products from customers and the reduction of the impact of the organization’s supply chains on the natural environment 3. Terms such as purchasing, procurement, supply, supply chain and logistics do not have standard definitions that are widely used across sectors and industries.
Given the information above, sketch Mike’s budget line on the graph below. [pic] QUESTION 3 (1000 points) a) State four (4) properties of indifference curves that can be derived based on the three (3) main assumptions of preferences (EXCLUDE the property that indifference curves cannot cross). (400 points) i) Indifference Curves are Negatively Sloped – The IC slopes downward because as the consumption of Good X increases then a certain amount Good Y must be given up to maintain the same level of satisfaction. ii) A Higher Indifference Curve Represents A Higher Level Of Satisfaction – A combination of Goods lying on a higher indifference curve will be preferred by a consumer to a combination of goods that lie on a lower indifference curve. iii) Indifference Curves Are Convex To The Origin – As the amount of Good X increases by equal amounts, Good Y will reduce by smaller amounts.
(TCOs 4 and 8) Which of the following is a dynamic lot-sizing technique that calculates the order quantity by comparing the carrying cost and the setup (or ordering) costs for various lot sizes and then selects the lot size in which these are most nearly equal? (Points : 4) Kanban Just-in-time system MRP Least unit cost Least total cost Question 9. 9. (TCO 3) When considering outsourcing, what should firms be sure to avoid? (Points : 4) Losing control of noncore activities that don't distinguish the firm Allowing outsourcing to develop into a substitute for innovation Giving the outsourcing partner opportunities to become a strong competitor Allowing employees transferred to the outsourcing partner to rejoin the
Overall, incentives have certainly had an affect not only on the business and the locations they decide to choose. But it has in turn played a role in the redistribution of the US industrial base. Businesses will always seek out the most cost effective way to produce their product may that be by obtaining cheaper natural resources, human capital, and labor. In conclusion, there are two types of incentive tangible and intangible. Tangible incentives are Material incentives.
“For instance, the fall in the wage lowers people’s income and thereby reduces demand. That reduction may feed back to firms and reduce the demand for their goods, which might reduce the firms’ demand for workers” (Colander, The Limitation of Supply/Demand Analysis, 2010). “If these effects do occur, and are important enough to affect the result, they have to be added for the analysis to be complete. A complete analysis always includes the relevant feedback effects” (Colander, The Limitation of Supply/Demand Analysis,
Question B Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Job Order Costing. Be sure to include specific examples of the advantages/disadvantages that you discuss. Week 3 Discussion Questions Question A What is the difference between operations costing and a process costing system? How does a company decide whether to use a job order or a process cost system? Question B How does the treatment of costs differ in ABC systems as opposed to traditional cost systems?
There are different methods of cost estimation. In Ka-Pow project we have used the bottom up estimating. In bottom up estimate find out the cost of the work packages and then add them up to get the cost for the entire project. It is important to estimate the cost correctly otherwise it will put the project at a risk. It is very important to involve the SMEs in the cost planning also to get the accurate estimate for the cost.