The purpose of this paper is analyze two readings taken from the book Candide (1759) which tells the adventures of the philosopher Dr. Pangloss who teaches of the optimism of 1Leibniz to his pupil Candide, living within a corrupt society in age of the Enlightenment. The book written by François-Marie Arouet, most known by his pseudonym Voltaire, is a 2picaresque novel, genre of narrative prose fiction originated in sixteenth century Spain and flourished throughout Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and continues to Influence modern literature. The first reading entitled "How the Portuguese Made a Superb Auto-De-Fe to Prevent Any Future Earthquakes, and How Candide Underwent Public Flagellation" (Sayre, Pg. 834), which is almost the entire chapter 6 of the book, discusses about a solution to prevent earthquakes and how the main characters were blamed and punished. After the devastation of most of the city of Lisbon in 1755 by an earthquake the sages of the country have concluded that the best way to prevent new earthquakes would be entertaining the people with an 3“Act of Faith”, so a bunch of people accused of heresy was convicted and punished including Dr. Pangloss blamed by speak what he think, was hanged and Candide was severely flogged, accused by follow and support his mentor.
By casting Richard (a York) as a villain Shakespeare is affirming to his Elizabethan audience of the emergent middle class and the nobility of the Tudor’s legitimate right to rule over England. The play also reflects the tension between providentalism and the growing secular interest in free will. This shift from God’s will to free will is particularly evident in the character of Richard as he fights for power and leadership, disregarding his conscience and religion. Al Pacino’s 1996 documentary Looking for Richard produced for an American audience that fails to see how Shakespeare is relevant to the world around them “It has always been a dream of mine to communicate how I feel about Shakespeare to others”. However like Richard III, Looking for Richard was set after another significant conflict in the Cold War.
A dystopia is defined as a seemingly utopian society with at least one fatal flaw; in Vonnegut’s "Harrison Bergeron", the setting is "a ruthlessly egalitarian society, in which ability and accomplishment, or even competence, are suppressed or stigmatized as forms of inequality" ("Dystopia," online). Vonnegut’s choice of "equalities" is essential to the story’s meaning: by focusing on the subjective types of equality and understating the objective ones, he satirizes not the ideal of equality itself but rather the American society’s flawed idea of equality. Karen and Charles Wood have said of Vonnegut’s many short stories: “Vonnegut proves repeatedly … that men and women remain fundamentally the same, no matter what technology surrounds them." While "Harrison Bergeron" is at least partly about the use and misuse of technology, Vonnegut doesn’t seem to give much focus to gender issues or the differences between men and women. Not giving attention to one of the most controversial equality issues of our time in a literary work that is specifically about the notion of equality is questionable; the women’s rights movement was very active in the early 1960’s when Vonnegut wrote his short story.
A man from Germany named Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press, which made it possible for people to have copies of books and letters in much lesser time than they were used to. Also, their way of communicating (like writing letters to each other or expressing knowledge through books) improved because of it. The invention of the printing press was one of most notable inventions from the last millennium because it brought important changes and accomplishments. The first support of how the printing press improved in communication is how Martin Luther took advantage of the printing press to spread around his ideas of the Church and indulgences. He was the creator of the 95 Theses in 1517.
In what ways is your appreciation of both texts enhanced by a comparative study of ambition on Frankenstein and Blade runner? Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and Ridley Scott's Bladerunner both project dystopian images of society and morality, propelled by the main characters' ambition and egotism. It is through this that an audience’s appreciation for texts is enhanced. These complex texts can be seen as a pair that differs in context, seeing as they are separated through time. Frankenstein driven by romantic imagery and set in historic context, that analysis the European divide in society perpetuated by superficiality.
New ideas and beliefs spread through Europe and worldwide and marked a change from only having religious texts to also providing intellectual texts. John Locke, an English Enlightenment thinker, shared his views on society in his text Two Treatises on Government. He claimed that nobody should have more power than another and the people should live in state of equality (Doc 2). Up until this point, the church had all the authority but Locke provided insight that everyone should be equal. Baron de Montesquieu, a French Enlightenment thinker, said in his book The Spirit of Laws that he thought “there should sorts of power; the legislative; the executive… and the judicial” (Doc 3).
Lock gained an excellent education due to his father’s commander, Alexander Popham, who became the local MP and was his patronage. In 1647 Locke attended the Westminster School in London where he lived and received a stipend. At the age of twenty, in 1652, he went to Christ Church in Oxford. Education in Oxford was medieval. Conversations with tutors and between undergraduates at school were in Latin.
He saw as a young man that there was money to be made from a schoolbook and sought protection for his first spelling book even before it was in print and before any state had yet passed laws protecting intellectual property. Webster has become known as the "father of copyright," and indeed he remained active in promoting copyright protection throughout his life. He might with more justice be termed the "father of royalties," as he was one of the first to exact payment from his publishers according to the number of books they printed or that he licensed to
In the fall of 1916, America met a young, ambitious Harvard graduate known as Edward Estlin Cummings. For forty-six years, this bold new poet, armed with his extremely unique style of writing and his firm moral beliefs, rejected conventional thinking of his era. Through his work he praised simplicity in life and reviled with deep cynicism the artificialities and ethical potholes of mankind. By the fall of 1962, his work completed, he left his mark on the world of poetry as e e cummings. Edward Estlin Cummings was born on October 14, 1894 in Cambridge, Massachusetts to Edward (Sr.) and Rebecca Cummings.
800 CE) and the language (Church Latin was codified in the palace school). Latin was now the language of learning, which made it possible for scholars across Europe to communicate with each other, but it also separated the church from the common people. The palace school also standardized the liturgy, based on Roman practice, and produced a new translation of the Bible based on Church Latin. Charlemagne ordered the palace school and the Benedictine monasteries (discussed later in this chapter) to make copies of all the Roman manuscripts they could find in order to preserve