‘This Rough Magic I Now Abjure…’ What Do You Think Shakespeare’s Intention Is in Causing Prospero to Describe His Magic ‘as Rough’. You Should Make Reference to Faustus as a Magician in Your Answer.

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The plays ‘Dr Faustus’ and ‘The Tempest’ both recognise the dangers of magic and dramatise ambivalence. Shakespeare’s lexical choice of ‘rough’ captures the attitudes and criticisms towards magic in the Renaissance period; however, through the paracelsian magus Prospero, the playwright explores the possibility of morality in the use of magic. Mebane describes magic in ‘Dr Faustus’ as a “unifying symbol which draws together three aspects of Renaissance thought…indulgence of the senses and the enjoyment of world beauty, the quest for wealth and political power, and the pursuit of infinite knowledge”, it is obvious that the three aspects mentioned by Mebane are material and cater only for Faustus’ worldly appetites; ultimately leading him to hubris (by the virtue of attempting to challenge God’s authority and therefore crossing his human boundaries) and his nemesis by God of death and hell. The difference between the protagonist Prospero and tragic hero Faustus is that Prospero realises his magic is human, limited and natural and claims his magic is ‘bless’d’, whereas Faustus cannot comprehend that God is the omnipotent and knowingly sides with Beelzebub the devil. Prospero asserts ‘godlike’ power and dominates in the play: “Now does my project gather to a head/ My charms crack not, my spirits obey”, Shakespeare’s pun on ‘spirits’ refers to both the human and magical, emphasising Prospero’s authoritative, omnipotent and omniscient role in ‘The Tempest’. He effectively ‘plays god’ in ‘The Tempest’, paradoxically, oppressing and usurping other characters defeats the idea of a benevolent (Godlike) authority. On-the-other-hand, Faustus’ magic is morally compromised, he is a character based on ambiguities. His ambiguities are a consequence of Marlowe’s structural ambivalence: ‘Dr Faustus’ is a morality play, thus, the downfall of the tragic hero as the sinful doomed

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