Theme Of Bias In The Crucible

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Relativism In psychology, the false-consensus effect or false-consensus bias is a cognitive preference whereby a person tends to overestimate how much other people agree with him or her. There is a tendency for people to assume that their own opinions, beliefs, preferences, values and habits, are 'normal' and that others also think the same way that they do. In The Crucible, this false-consensus is relevant. In The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, the town’s religious authorities do the governing. God needs men on earth to do his work of justice, and Hathorne, Danforth, Hale, and Parris are all part of that system. Hathorne marks Proctor as an affiliate with the devil, and convinces the majority of the people that this statement is true, and…show more content…
“The Devil’s loose in Salem” (59). Since Hathorne, Danforth, and Hale are dependent on the assumption that the children were telling the truth, they believe them and convince the majority of the crowd to as well but that does not make it right. Abigail lies about her ability to see spirits, as do the other girls; and completely lies to everyone but no one but Proctor was willing to step up from the crowd and object. “Lies, lies…God damns liars, Mary” (117)! In Proctors case it is opposite, he objects to the girls false deeds and no one believes him because the majority of people do not. Even Hale says it may well be God damns a liar less than he that throws his life away for pride, Proctor took a risk to see if he could get some people to believe him but the majority of the crowd did not, so it could not be true according to them. John Proctor, our main character, is in desperate need of forgiveness at the start of the play, but his wife seems torn about whether to grant it, Proctor finally decides to come clean and clearly realizes that Abigail is a whore and a…show more content…
“Have you seen the devil…Such a Christian that will not come to church but once a month…He plow on Sunday sir…Do you read the gospel, Mr. Proctor” (90)? Religion is woven into the everyday life of the Salem of the play; it is exclusive form of Christianity centered on a set of clearly defined rules: “you went to church every Sunday”, “you did not work on the Sabbath”, “you believed the Gospel”, “you respected the minister’s word like it was God’s”, and so on. For people accused of witchcraft, any deviation from these rules in the past can be used as evidence for much greater sins in the present; but ultimately, even good and respected and highly religious women like Mr. Proctor are accused and put to death, and because the majority of people believed these lies against him Proctor was accused. “John, you cannot say such a-“ (110). Proctor calls Abigail a whore, and is immediately shut down by everyone. The majority of the crowd does not believe Proctor even though he is right. If the majority of people believe a statement that does not mean it is true. The world in The Crucible is clearly divided into these two camps. Unfortunately, everybody’s confused about which side is actually good, and which side is actually evil, though it’s abundantly clear to the reader. Everyone in the play goes along with the crowd because they think the majority of the
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