The Role Of Equivocation In “Macbeth”

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The Role of Equivocation in the Play “That palter with us in a double sense,/ That keep the word of promise to our ear/ And break it to our hope” (5.8. 20-22). Equivocation is a common form in drama and is used to mislead others with ambiguous expressions. In Macbeth, equivocation appears to show a way of protecting others, to effectively display the evil actions of the witches and to cause violence and death that finally leads to the tragedy. Initially, equivocation is sometimes a method of protection. As can be seen in Act 4, when Ross is asked about Macduff’s family, he says “No, they were well at peace when I did leave’ em” (4.3. 181). Ross answers Macduff that Lady Macduff and her children are still safe before he leaves their castle when he is asked about the security of Macduff’s family. In fact, all members of households in this castle have already been killed and Ross knows that. What he is doing is just to spare Macduff’s feelings, at least at this moment. Macduff may believe that his wife and kids are in safety through Ross’s words. However, Ross’s real meaning is they are all killed and nobody will bother and hurt them again. They are in deep safety and peace. Secondarily, equivocation is used to illustrate the evil nature of the witches--they befool Macbeth and play a mischief in this play. There are three apparitions that appear and predict Macbeth’s future when he goes to visit the witches again. The first apparition, entering with an armed head, tells Macbeth to be cautious about Macduff. It says “beware Macduff,/ Beware the Thane of Fife”(4.1.70-71). The second apparition is a bloody child who tells Macbeth that “for none of woman born/ Shall harm Macbeth”(4.1. 79-80). The last apparition is a crowned child with a tree in his hand and he tells Macbeth only if the trees move will Macbeth be killed. It says “Macbeth shall never vanquish’d be until/

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