This led to constant warfare between the leagues formed by the Greek city-states and Macedon. Around 221 BCE, Phillip V of Macedon took power of the Macedonian throne. He was considered to be the last Greek ruler who was militaristically and politically capable of uniting all of Greece. However, in 218 BCE, he allied with Carthage, which was a big mistake to his plans. This led to the breakout of wars between Rome and Macedon in a series of skirmishes.
The Cyclops would let the sheep out every morning and they left with them. Next, Poseidon curses Odysseus and his man. Poseidon was mad at Odysseus for numerous reasons. Poseidon supported the Trojans in the Trojans war and Odysseus was a member of the Greek army that beat the Trojans. The goddess Athena was the main patron of Odysseus and she was a rival to Poseidon, by beating him in the patron deity of Athens.
Atreus himself was involved in the tragedy in which he murdered his brother’s children and served them up as a dish to eat. In the Ancient Greek world, this was seen as placing a curse of the house of Atreus which could provide an explanation to the events that occur within the play. Cassandra calls it the ‘house that hates god, the echoing womb of guilt’ which implies that there will always be terrible things happening there as the gods do not approve of it. This starts the argument that the characters have no control over their fate as Agamemnon was always going to meet a sticky end because of the
. . The king of Troy had promised to pay the gods with vines of gold when the wall was finished but failed to keep his end of the bargain. Poseidon was infuriated and sent a sea monster to destroy the wall.” (Johnson, Poseidon: Greek God and Lord of the Sea.) Poseidon’s destruction of the wall was justifiable since the king of Troy breached his agreement to compensate Poseidon and Apollo with vines of gold for the year of strenuous labor.
"(1033-1041) Oedipus wronged Laios here by killing him over a small incident and fit of anger. Clearly, destiny dealt Oedipus a mournful hand, but I can’t help but to believe that it was the choice of Oedipus to act in anger, striking out and smiting the man in haste, which set his destiny in
Although the story is centered on the events surrounding the siege of Troy, the subject of this poem is the anger of Achilles. First against his fellow commanders and princes, then against Hector for kill his
We understand from Herodotus that the cause of the Ionian revolt was due to the decisions of certain individuals such as Aristagoras and Histeaus of Miletus, we know that Herodotus did not have a good view of the Ionians as he regarded them as lazy. However after the subjugation of Lydia by Croesus we can understand why the Ionians may have revolted, Miletus in return for complete subjugation was given very good terms in comparison to the rest of Ionia who were heavily taxed by Darius who introduced the Daric coin into Ionia, also Herodotus describes him as the shopkeeper due to his heavy taxes. Also we are shown by Herodotus that in Darius expedition to Scythia in 513 BC many Ionians were forced to fight for the Persian army, compulsory service in a foreign army would have caused resentment among the Ionians towards the Persians. Herodotus concentrates on individuals in his cause for the Ionian revolt, the story of the tattooed slave sent to Aristagoras shows us that maybe because of the Ionian revolt, Histeaus wanted to resolve his bad reputation being pro-Persian by making a story which would show him to be being part of the Ionian revolt. In Ionia and islands such as Samos and Naxos, there was a clear divide in attitude towards the Persians, Polycrates the tyrant of Samos was pro Persian like many of the tyrants in Ionia, and he sent 40 ships to help the Persian in their expedition to Egypt, as we know there was an uprising by a anti Persian party in Samos, this would show us that even before the Persian subjugation of Ionia there was a clear resentment to Persian occupation.
Odysseus was widely known to the ancient Greeks for helping defeat Troy with his idea of the Trojan horse to get King Menelaus’ wife, Helen, back from Paris, the prince of Troy. It took Odysseus ten years to win the war and ten years to reach his homeland, Ithaca, and return to his wife, Penelope, and his son, Telemachus. During these twenty years, Odysseus has chosen to make many bad decisions and choices yet he was blessed by the gods and helped by his mentor Athena and safely reached Ithaca but lost all his comrades and friends. Odysseus reached Ithaca to find his home occupied by ruthless, arrogant suitors! Aggravated, Odysseus carefully planned a trap with the help of two loyal men and killed all the suitors.
Thucydides said that the Athenians returning home were deeply offended with this treatment by the Spartans and said it is not what they deserved. They broke the alliance with Sparta and joined with Argos and Thessaly, Sparta traditional enemy. Expedition brought a humiliation end to Cimon’s leadership and policy of dual hegemony. He was ostracised in 461 and during his 10 year absence radical democracy asserted itself. * Following this the radical democrats gained ascendancy in Greece and embarked on an aggressive imperial policy.
Acceptance of the gods actions are mainly because of great fear the human civilization feels towards the imperious justice system laid upon them, also justice rules over humans by the realization of authority by power. The gods can behave however they want to because they know the mortals are afraid for their wellbeing. Even though the gods disagree and argue the final say of Zeus seems to over bear most of the situations throughout The Odyssey. Fear and acceptance are two major components to how justice in the odyssey permeates. Works Cited Lawall, Sarah, et alia.