The Effect of Public Policy on Social Determinants of Health

2596 Words11 Pages
March 10, 2014 INTRODUCTION AND THESIS STATEMENT The effects of public policy on the social determinants of health are profound, numerous and far-reaching. Social determinants of health refer to the living conditions of individuals and communities, and are a major reflection, of the health outcomes of the population as a whole (Bryant, Raphael, and Rioux, 2010). Social determinants of health also indicate the degree to which a person can have access to the physical, social and personal resources required to satisfy needs and cope with the environment. Some of these resources are income, quality and access to education, food, housing, employment and working conditions, access to health care and social services (Raphael, 2007). Public policy on the other hand dictates what these living conditions will be, that is, favourable or unfavourable for the population. This paper argues that public policy is the most significant factor influencing social determinants of health, and that furthermore, the current state of social determinants in Canada shows that the government has failed in implementing concrete health policies that can improve these determinants. OVERVIEW To understand public policy, it is important to know what it is and how it is developed. Simply put, public policies are the results of political ideologies and decisions which are made into governing laws. These policies are usually instituted by the Canadian government, which is a legislature-based federal system. Policy decisions made by the government can be simple but they can also be highly complicated. This is because decisions are made in complex environments involving different participants and various levels of institutions. Consequently, policy outcomes are highly unpredictable (Howlett, 2007). Political ideologies in addition to economic and social forces influence public
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