Before the law enforcement officer can make an arrest there has to be a clear sign of probable cause if an officer neglects to find probable cause before arresting the individual when the trial comes along, the case will be dismissed in court and the offender will walk away free. | 2. What are the most important facts? Which facts have the most bearing on the ethical decision presented? Include any important potential economic, social, or political pressures, and exclude inconsequential facts.
The court held that in the instant case the court had either found that these conditions were met or they were undisputed. Therefore, the communication was privileged and protected from disclosure. I believe the criteria set forth in RFF Family Partnership, LP v. Burns & Levinson is a very practical and rational one. It allows the lawyer to protect and serve his fiduciary duty to his client, and at the same time if a conflict should come up, it allows the lawyer to seek advice of a lawyer without the fear intimidation by way of disclosure. Such privileged communications lead to resolutions in resolving existing conflicts, and avoiding potential conflicts.
Defenses and Due Process Kylee Rivers CJS/220 Defenses and Due Process According to Gardner and Anderson (2011), an individual is only charged for a crime he/she committed intentionally. He suggests that such a crime must be without defense so that an individual is declared guilty. Defenses are situations that can stop or lessen the guilt in a case. Presentations of evidence for such situations ensure an accused person is defended from guilt. According to Gardner and Anderson (2011), the common elements of defense include insanity, entrapment and self-defense.
Within the due process one may not be treated cruel, unfair or be given unreasonable treatment. Every accused person is entitled to fair procedures, and the due process applies to the criminal justice system as the trials, parole hearings, and administrative hearings. Due process main goal is to protect the innocent from being wrongfully convicted but may be looked upon as focusing on the rights of the accused and ignoring the rights of the victims. Crime control model is taken back a little and is the complete opposite of Due Process Model, which the crime control model focuses on the initial arrest, prosecution, and the conviction of a criminal. Due process priorities stand with protecting an
First you have the Prosecution. The responsibility of the prosecution is to prove that without a shadow of a doubt that the defendant committed the crime. Im sure there are times that the prosecution does not think the defendant is not guilty but it is there moral right to keep the trial going and prove their case. It has got to be difficult for the prosecution to know that because of the case they have built against a person could decide the rest of their life. Lets get to the Defense.
GRIEVANCE If we feel the need for a grievance to take place we must follow the Disciplinary and Grievance procedures. Any Grievance must be kept confidential and dealt with in a professional way. If the Grievance is for yourself your employer must follow ACAS code of practice on Disciplinary and Grievance procedures. CONFLICT MANAGEMENT Conflict is always likely to happen in the work place. We are expected to act honestly and to not put yourself in any position which could cause conflict at work.
They must constantly evaluate and review any treatment given so as to keep the best interests of the client and to help them in the most effective way possible, i.e never prolonging treatment unnecessarily. A therapist must never cloud their relationship with clients by bringing prejudice concerning race, sexuality or prejudice of any other kind. Gaining medical background information is vital as this may reveal hidden conditions, such as psychosis, which should never be treated by hypnotherapy. If the therapist is at all in doubt they should seek a GP’s consent for therapy. It is best that ‘dual relationships’ are avoided, such as when the therapist knows the client as a friend as this can be detrimental to the client.
Indictment II. Eminent domain III. Due process, IV. Self-incrimination V. Double jeopardy In my opinion the Fifth Amendment is important because it prevents individuals from being compelled to essentially testify against themselves. With Due process it the principle that the government must respect all of the legal rights that are owed to a person according to the law it helps us in our court system to plead not guilty or guilty.
Fault is an essential element of criminal liability. It is a concept in criminal and civil law whereby the defendant is held responsible for doing something wrong. This can be through an act or omission and can be proven through the rules of causation. The implication of being found at fault is a criminal record whose consequences on the defendant personal life are serious. However, there are some types of behaviours such as Strict Liability offences which do not require fault but the defendant is still prosecuted.
The reason is that for a person who is indeed guilty of the crime and who thinks that he cannot escape conviction because of overwhelming evidence, admitting to a lesser crime with lesser penalties will be the best scenario for him. He gets the benefit of immediate disposition of his case since he no longer needs to hire lawyers to defend him in court. While it is true that existing laws mandate that an accused should be defended by a public attorney in case he does not have a lawyer, the practical reality is that only paid lawyers can competently and adequately defend the accused and that public attorneys do not defend their client’s case to the best of their ability. Moreover, the accused also gets the benefit of lesser time in prison as it is implicit in the arrangement that if he agrees to a lesser crime charged he shall be convicted to a lesser penalty. If he behaves properly in prison his sentence may be further reduced for good behavior and he may find himself out of