Susann Sonntag Essay

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The Body in US Culture WS 2012/13 The Body in US Culture WS 2012/13 Essay To Susan Sontag’s „Illness as Metaphor” “Illness as Metaphor” is a nonfiction work written by Susan Sontag and was first published in 1978. Sontag argues against the use of illness as metaphor. She states her main point on the first page of this long essay: "The most truthful way of regarding illness--and the healthiest way of being ill--is one most purified of, most resistant to, metaphoric thinking." (1) Throughout her essay Susan Sontag argues that the myths and metaphors surrounding certain illnesses, especially cancer, are “preposterous” (74) and condemning to patients suffering from these types of illnesses. Sontag establishes her main point within the preface of the essay: “My point is that illness is not a metaphor, and that the most truthful way of regarding illness- and the healthiest way of being ill-is one most purified of, most resistant to metaphoric thinking” (3). Therefore, Sontag dedicates her essay to the “elucidation” of the “lurid” (4) metaphors that describe various illnesses. Although her claim is that illness is not a metaphor, the bulk of Sontag’s essay describes the types of metaphors relating to illness that have developed over time. Sontag focuses a lot on comparing and contrasting the metaphors surrounding tuberculosis (TB) and cancer. She claims that metaphors depicting TB and cancer oppose one another because TB is often romanticized and associated with increased sexuality or spirituality, whereas cancer is viewed as shameful and disgusting. However, the two illnesses are similar because TB, like cancer, “was regarded as a mysterious affliction, and a disease with myriad causes” (60) before its principle causal agent was fully understood. According to Sontag, the diseases thought to be “multi-determined” or “mysterious” have the “widest

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