Memory, attention, thought, senses and movement, which the cerebellum lobe (right at the bottom of the brain next to the brain stem) is responsible for, can also be affected. Memory forming, organizing, storing and emotions, which the hippocampus lobe (small lobe in the middle of the brain) is responsible for, can also be affected. Q1.3) Explain why depression. Delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia. A) Depression, delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia because they share many of the same symptoms of dementia.
Key functions affected by dementia are: distortion of the visual field, the perception of size, colour and shape of objects may not be recognised by the brain from what the eyes are actually seeing. Temporal lobe Located on the sides of the brain at about the same level as the ears. Key functions affected by dementia are: hearing, language, the formation of memories, recognising people and places. The Cerebellum Located at the base of the brain under the Occipital lobe. Key functions affected are balance and muscle co-ordination The Hippocampus Located in the temporal lobe of the brain.
Dementia is a collection of symptoms including memory loss, personality change, and impaired intellectual functions resulting from disease or trauma to the brain. These changes are not part of normal aging and are severe enough to impact daily living, independence, and relationships. There will likely be noticeable decline in communication, learning, remembering, and problem solving. These changes may occur quickly or very slowly over time. Common signs and symptoms of dementia include: * Memory loss * Impaired judgment
Phineas Gage Paper Dana Greer February 18, 2012 PSY/360 Jason Lambert Many professionals have try to explain what parts of the brain are connected to cognitive functions. The brains rolling cognitive functions are very complex. Because of Phineas gages accident researchers were able to look deeper into cognitive functions. Cognition is considered the act or process of knowing that includes understanding, reasoning, recollection, awareness, language functions, and perception (Waldstein & Elias, 2003). There are four main sections of the brain with these four sections to each control different functions.
Damage to the amygdala or hippocampus causes loss of emotions and memory respectively. By removing part of H.M.’s temporal lobe which meant some parts of the amygdala and hippocampus, he suffered severe amnesia. He could remember things that happened a longtime ago and even his name meaning that his long-term childhood memory was intact but short-term memory was severely affected. By learning new motor skills but not conscious of them, it showed that the brain has different parts that controlled memory. According to me, H.M.’s inability to recall the words was a problem of consolidation as well as a long term memory problem.
The cerebrum also helps in processing memory. There are various cells that are in charge of the memory. When the nerves do not release neurotransmitters it makes it difficult for the brain cells to carry the information from one part of the brain to another. The hippocampus is also responsible for memory processes. It helps the transfer of information from short term memory into long term memory.
Unit DEM 301 Understanding the neurology of dementia: 1.1 A common misconception is that Dementia is a normal part of the ageing process. Dementia is a broad-spectrum term for a range of progressive diseases that generally affect memory, emotional and sometimes physical ability. Dementia is ultimately caused by damage to the brain cells, this damage then causes miscommunications within the brain. When the brain cells do not then work together as usually this can have an effect on an individual’s thinking, abilities and behaviour. Dependent on the type of damage to the cells and the particular regions that are affected this can indicate through investigations (i.e brain scans….)
Neurons and synapses become damaged by dementia they may be unable to carry messages that tell a section of the brain what to do. 1.2. Describe the key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia Frontal lobe - Movement, emotional behaviour, personality, interpretation and feeling. Parietal lobe - Language, special awareness and recognition. Temporal lobe – Long term memory, speech and hearing.
The chemical and electrical signals are necessary in controlling bodily functions – for example language, decision-making, memory, personality, behaviour, sensing and interpreting our environment, and controlling muscle movements. If the neurons and synapsed of the brain become damaged by dementia they may have difficulty or be unable to carry the messages that tell the section of the brain what to do. Depending on the area of the brain affected, this can result in changes to the way the individual thinks, or may result in physical impairments, personally and behaviour changes or the inability to perform certain functions. Area of the brain | Key functions that could be affect by dementia | Frontal lobe | Movement, emotional behaviour, personality, interpretation and feeling. | Parietal lobe | Language, special awareness and recognition | Temporal lobe | Long – term memory, speech and hearing | Occipital lobe | Vision | Cerebellum | Balance, posture, muscle coordination (movement) | Hypothalamus | Regulates thirst, appetite, body temperature and also
Family history is another risk factor. Scientists believe that genetics may play a role in many Alzheimer's disease cases. Symptoms of Alzheimer’s are not limited to but include, memory impairment (impaired ability to learn new information or to recall previously learned information), and one or more of the following cognitive disturbances, aphasia (language disturbance),apraxia (impaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function),