What are the main conclusions drawn from research regarding the effect of memory/cognition training? Contrast these theories: Activity theory states that the more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives. Socioemotional selectivity theory states that older adults become more selective about their social networks. Because they place a high value on emotional satisfaction, older adults spend more time with familiar individuals with whom they have had rewarding relationships. Selective optimization with compensation theory states that successful aging depends on three main factors: selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC).
Second, “social roles come with the own set of expectations and contingencies that promote a reward structure that calls for becoming more socially dominant, agreeable, conscientious, and less neurotic” ( Roberts, 2004) . This when an adult realizes when to choose his or her fights. He or she is more confident and probably has realized that life changes constantly and it is very hard to control. A third and finally principle states “that the dominant pattern of role investments seen in quasi-universal tasks of social living, such as developing a career and career identity, helps explain the normative patterns of personality change that result from role investments” ( Roberts, 2004). Becoming a parent can be an example of this.
Critically compare the value of ageing theories to individuals in differing health and social care settings The activity theory is about being active, therefore continuing to participate in physical, social, cultural and civic affairs. This theory states that even though older people retire they can still remain active, it slows down the process of ageing therefore an individual still has the physical ability as they age. The social disengagement theory is being withdrawn of less involved with people such as families and friends or withdrawn from activities due to ill health or depressed social opportunities. This theory states that as individuals age they become less involved in social activities and this is a natural part of ageing. Both
He discusses how it is feared that the European culture will be lost due to the fact that the majority of the European population is mainly made up of older generations and few younger. Shorto also discusses how the invention of birth control has caused the birth rate to go down as well. Women in Europe’s desire to have babies and families
The definition of older people is an ever changing statistic in Britain. Gorman M. (2000) from the World Health Organisation states that the age 60 to 65 in developed countries marks the beginning of old age. In order to discuss a positive and healthy ageing it is important to know the definition of health or healthy. The WHO’s (2011) definition of health is ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.’ Positive ageing could also be about being capably it still fully engage in different life roles, for example: a career. Therefore when researching and discussing this topic on positive ageing it is important to discuss it from all factors, not just physical illness.
Theoretical Examination of Social Stratification In Mark Thoma’s blog, “Economic Security for Middle Class Families,” the case is made that the middle class, as we know it, is slowing dwindling. Middle class individuals are at risk for falling out based on five core economic factors: assets, educational achievement, housing costs, budget and healthcare (Thoma, 2007). The history of the middle class is explored- it came about after World War II and the Great Depression. At that time, the lower class was able to enter the middle class, and the middle class could move to the top of the classification. It has always been difficult to move from middle class to upper class (although it has been done by some a few).
Overall, being taken out of a stressful household is an easier transition that being a yanked out of a peaceful one. The University of New Hampshire(extension.unh.edu.family/documents.divorce.pdf) found that age and gender play a large role in how each child reacts to having divorced parents. When an infant's parents get divorced it doesn't understand what is going on but feels the low energy level of its parents. The baby will most likely lose its appetite and spit up more. Preschool children often believe that they caused the divorce.
The greater the potential benefit, the greater the chances are a person would socially invest time and energy into an individual in order to form a strong and sound relationship. People make these decisions according to the theory based on their individual satisfaction level within the relationship. Individuals typically have a high level of satisfactory when they’ve recognized that they are receiving more than they are giving, however, on the other hand, if an individual feels that they are giving more than they are receiving, they may decide that the connection is not fulfilling their needs and will begin to search elsewhere to find fulfillment.
Encouraging senior communities can be beneficial to not only the senior but the seniors loved ones as well. Senior living communities can provide peace of mind to relatives concerned about the senior’s well-being. Senior Living Communities are places where the aging population can live to make life easier and more fulfilling. As a person ages their needs and abilities may change in a way that they require more assistance than was needed in earlier life. Reasons that a senior citizen may be encouraged to live in a senior specific community can vary from cost efficiency to medical necessity.
As a result this allows for the passing on of roles and skills to the next generation. Social roles are the parts an individual plays as a member of a social group. The passing on of roles helps ensure the stability of society. As older people disengage from society and pass on their roles and duties to the younger generation, society offers programmes and rewards for older individuals as a result such as retirement packages and pensions. Havighurst (1961) published the Activity Theory in order to refute the Disengagement Theory.