Fetal and neonatal deaths are higher among smoking mothers. Also prevalent are a higher incidence of preterm births and lower birth weights. Respiratory problems and sudden infant death syndrome are also more common among the offspring of mothers who smoked during
Stress also increases the heart rate and can lead to the increase of blood pressure, thus Hypertension and can lead to Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Although this disease can be caused by the indirect effects. Indirect effects of stress are associated with the bad habits that stress causes us to take part in, these included smoking, poor diet and alcohol abuse. These poor habits can thus lead to ill-effects on one’s health. These issues are more related to chronic stress rather than acute stress and it occurs for a long period, thus affecting health for a longer period.
Sulfur dioxide affect human’s health when it is breathed in. It irritates the throat, nose, and airways which cause us to cough, start wheezing, or have shortness of breath. The effects are felt very quickly. Most people feel the worse symptoms about 10 to 15 minutes after breathing it in. High concentrations of sulfur dioxide can result in breathing problems with asthmatic children and adults who are active outdoors.
Chronic illnesses often affect body systems and make needs for oxygen greater. The need for sleep is greater and the ability to bounce back from illness is less. Safety and security, freedom from fear and protection from danger are parts of the second set of psychosocial needs. Elder abuse is one of the fastest growing areas of crime. The ability to feel safe in the environment is a major concern for the elderly.
The FIFAS (2008) stated depressive symptoms are indicators of positive well-being. Reporting depressive symptoms also correlates to higher rates of physical illness and functional disability (FIFAS, 2008). Research indicates risk factors associated with depression and suicidal thinking identifies physiological and functional disabilities as the main reasons for depression (Ron, 2004). Research indicates some factors associated with depression in the elderly are cognitive impairment, arthritis, heart disease, and cancer (Ron, 2004). Depression may become more sever when there is an increased rate of
Travelers whom travel to countries that have an increased risk of measles outbreak need to protect themselves by getting vaccinated before traveling, this could help to prevent bringing the illness back home with them. Children younger than five and older than twenty are the most likely to suffer the greatest complications from the virus (CDC, 2015). Complications from the measles virus include high fevers, rash, conjunctivitis, ear infections and in severe cases pneumonia and encephalitis (CDC, 2015). Pregnant women risk having a baby with low birth weight or giving birth
Moreover, the effects will be cumulative, so a mild reduction in sleep per night can be after a period of time, result in significant functional deficits. There is increasing evidence that sleep deprivation has detrimental effects on the immune response, indicating that sleep should be considered a vital part of the immune system and that there is a mutual relationship between sleep and immunity. This relationship is important because over recent decades, there has been a decreasing in the mean duration and quality of sleep in the population. The concept that lack of sleep might be compromised immunity in the population has far-reaching public-health implications for both individuals and society.
These results also showed that social factors also affect your health. Those that are in lower ranks of society are subjected to more social stress, which leads to higher chances of morbidity—general illness, and increased chances of smoking and unhealthy eating. Although this study was conducted over 40 years ago, the relationship between socioeconomic status and health is still seen currently. Today, lower class native-born Americans and immigrants see are affected by social
ETS is made up of the smoke that comes from the end of a cigarette, pipe or cigar called side-stream smoke. People that are constantly exposed to ETS are at an increasing risk for developing health problems related to it. Many underage children are regularly inhaling ETS. Since children’s respiration rate is faster than adults and they take in more air, if ETS is present in the air, the children can develop a lot of health problems. ETS can cause problems like bronchitis, pneumonia, middle ear disease, and asthma.
Smoking increases the risk of lung disease, for instance, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that is a collective term for a group of diseases such as emphysema, chronic bronchitis. In fact, the rate of decline in lung function can be three times the usual rate in smokers. As lung function declines, breathlessness begins. Another common problem that smoking causes is that it raises blood pressure, which can cause hypertension, and this is a risk factor for heart attacks and stroke. A research of “American Lung Association and American Heart Association” reviewed by “Elizabeth Klodas, MD, FACC” on May 08, 2012. http://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure says that about 30% of all deaths from heart disease in the U.S. are directly related to cigarette smoking.