They were unsafe because there were no regulations on how they were built. Some tenements didn’t even have windows or fire escapes. As a result many immigrants were caught and killed in fires (OK). Some groups tried to change the living conditions for the better. Immigrants worked in sweatshops that were dangerous.
The rough Winter most likely was the cause to 70 deaths. Based on the “Background Essay”, “Then, in the awful winter of 1609-1610, another two-thirds of the settlers died.” Harsh winters were bound to happen. There was nothing anybody could do about it or prevent it. The colonists could have prepared for it, but because they did not have the current technology, they could have not possibly predicted that a rough winter was coming their way. According to “Document D”, in 1607 August through October “Summer sickness kills half the colonists” The summer of 1607 was so severe that it killed 50 people.
Later on, concerns about individual health and cleanliness to prevent disease encouraged the development of the Health care and welfare services. The following essay will show how the number of reforms that took place during this time not only transformed Public Health throughout the 19th Century, but also set down the framework for future reform and laid down the foundation of what Public Health is today. From 1801 to 1901, the number of people living in the cities increased 78%. (Halliday, 2007, p 19) The modernisation of agriculture and industry caused a growing prosperity and this attracted migrations of people to the industrialised cities and towns, which suffered an unexpected demographic growth. Britain was the first industrialised nation, the so-called ‘industrial shop of the world’ and had a reputation to keep.
The reports confirmed what had previously been found out about the connections between health and living conditions but more importantly, they suggested how improvements could be investigated. Chadwick’s work here was significant as these reports were published in the annual report of the Poor Law Commission and received official authorisation, bringing their conclusions to the attention of parliament, therefore leading to the Home Secretary asking for a further report to be completed. While still working with the Poor Law, Chadwick took up the question of sanitation in conjunction with Dr Thomas Smith. Their joint efforts provided a beneficial improvement in the public health. His report on The Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population (1842) was researched and published at his own expense.
The women and children were paid less than the men. Because of the horrible conditions, in 1833, the Factory Act was passed. It set the minimum age to work at 9 and children under 18 years of age, could not work more than 12 hours a day. Later on in 1844, the Excessive Work act was passed, stating that women, also could not work more than 12 hours a day. Diseases were very present during the Industrial Revolution, although they did not have much of an impact of America taking action to help the issue.
For example sick leave, annual leave, superannuation for retirement and pay for overtime. Without sick leave if someone was to fall sick they wouldn’t receive any pay and could possibly lose their job. No annual leave meant that if someone was to go on holiday they wouldn’t receive any pay, so as a result not many people took holidays as they relied on their income. Even though the living conditions for the working class families were better than that of other countries it was still quite poor. The conditions of the houses were very poor; they were mostly made out of cheap materials, were very small and packed closely together.
If the plans are designed properly, it will increase preventative care and on average will consumers will receive a high level of health care. Currently, President Obama has introduced health care reform to Congress. The proposal would make health care coverage more affordable, make health insurers more accountable, expand health coverage to all Americans, and make the health care sustainable. It would stabilize the family budget, the federal budget, and the economy. It would make insurance more affordable and making tax cuts for the middle class.
The change in climate and adverse weather conditions led to less agricultural productivity. The malnutrition led to the lack of antibodies people had in their immune system, therefore may have caused the Europeans to die more quickly. Poor sanitation was a major factor in the cities that led up to the contagious symptoms of the plague. The towns had no running water. Without running water, people didn’t bathe or wash their clothes.
Our landlord is very cruel and charges us as much as he can for the shelter he provides. We live in what some would call “squalor”. Our rent is $1.50 a week for a single small room with no running water, sanitation, aeration, or light. This is very typical for our area¹. Like I said in the beginning, “If I do not live beyond this day…” this is because of the conditions in which we live are so unsanitary, it is a virtual breeding ground for diseases such as cholera.
Dwellings that housed workers were subdivided to accommodate many people which meant families were forced to share one room, poorly built tenements housed the poorest, these had no sewers, running water or sanitation and were damp and dirty. Due to the cramped living conditions diseases were easily spread, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, smallpox and cholera were the most dangerous. In 1832 an outbreak of Cholera reportedly killed 6536 people in London alone (Halliday (1999) pg 124). The government at