Pros And Cons Of The Cold War

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The Cold War lasted for around 46 years, from the year 1945 to 1991. After the devastation of the Second World War came to an end, representatives from the United Kingdom, United States, and Soviet Union held the Yalta Conference to discuss Europe’s reorganization. Winston Churcill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Josef Stalin represented their respective countries. Churchill and Roosevelt also had the underlying fear that tension with the Soviet Union would arise during the post-war rehabilitation. Both the United States and United Kingdom decided to settle on an agreement with Stalin. In exchange for the uninterruption of the Soviet Army in Eastern Europe, Stalin agreed to host free elections. The agreement did not go according to plan. Stalin…show more content…
During the Cold War, there was a massive increase nuclear weapons manufactured. This disposed a danger because a small conflict could have escalated into a full-scale nuclear war. This possibility forced the two powers to co-exist is a forced friendship. Instead of fighting each other directly, indirect confrontation was chosen instead, and on several occasions. There are several reasons as to why they never met each other directly on the battlefield. The Mutually Assured Desctruction doctrine (MAD) was a military strategy and a national security policy in which a full-scale use of weapons of mass destruction would cause the annihilation of both the attacker and the defender. The MAD was based on the theory of detterence, where the threat of using strong weapons against the enemy prevents the enemy’s use of the same weapons. The strategy is to ensure that no side has any incentive to start a conflict, or to disarm. This tactic mirrored a dangerous balance of power. Churchill called it the “Balance of Terror” because it was an equilibrium based on disastrous weapons. Another policy was collective security. No major wars occurred because everyone had either sided with America, the Soviet Union, or stayed neutral. By the 1950s, most states had affiliated in some way with one of the two…show more content…
But with Japan’s defeat after World War II, Korea was suddenly left to fend for itself. At that period of time, the United Nations was in control of the spoils of the war, including Japan’s empire. They decided that Korea was to adopt a policy of self-determination to allow it to create its own sphere of influence after their long ordeal with the Japanese. However, after the Yalta Agreement between America, Soviet Union, and Britain, it became the responsibility of the powers to decide what should be done with Japan’s imperial possessions. In August of 1945, Korea was divided in half along the 38th parallel. With the Soviet Union occupying the North and America occupying the South, there were two spheres of influence in Korea: communism and democracy. Looking at a world map, we can see that Northern Korea was surrounded by communist countries, including China, Manchuria, and the Soviet Union. They could have drawn influence from these countries. On the other hand, Southern Korea was surrounded by the American presence in the Pacific, examples of which include Japan and the Philippines. In the North, the communist dictator Kim Il Sung, who reigned from 1912 to 1994, enjoyed the enthusiastic support of the Soviets. While in the South, the anti-communist dictator Syngman Rhee, who reigned from 1875 to 1965, had the support of the American government. Neither dictator was content to remain
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