It had long legs and it a wide skull with lots of power in its bite. Albertosaurus is considered by many scientists to be the best known of the tyrannosaurs. A number of nearly complete skeletons, two adults and a juvenile, have been found. There are two recognized species and several in dispute. It is sometimes referenced as a transitory animal, a creature on its way to evolving into T. rex, but it appears that it was extremely successful and longer lived than the Tyrannosaurus
These fish evolved from each other over time, and by analyzing their genomes we can obtain insights on their ancestry. What can make this possible is the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii). Exclusive from other chondrichthyes, elephant sharks genomes are relatively small and have evolved the slowest of any other vertebrate known today. With this information at our disposal we can gain a greater comprehension for the beginning of adaptive immunity, and what caused gnathostomes to separate millions of years ago. When comparing the immune systems of cartilaginous fish to mammals you see numerous similarities, but the traits that make them different are distinct.
II. Primate Evolutional Trends a. Primates are distinguished by three main evolutionary trends 1) Limbs and Locomotion i. pentadactyly ii. nails instead of claws iii. prehensile hands and feet iv. ability to maintain erect posture v. retention of the clavicle 2) Dentition and Diet i. generalized dental pattern designed for varied diet ii.
Introduction As our closest living ancestors, bonobos (Pan Americus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) have often been used as an ancestral model to study social and cultural hominoid behavior. Chimpanzees and Bonobos' DNA differs only 1% from humans yet their social behavior is very primitive and different compared to humans. Molecular studies indicate that humans, chimpanzees, and bonobos are very closely related in a lineage that split into hominid and Pan lines approximately 6-7 million years ago, possibly following a divergence from the gorilla lineage about 1– 2 million years earlier (Caccone and Powell, 1989). Chimpanzees are great apes, under the Homo lineage, that have been known for their male dominant, meat eating and generally violent culture. Meanwhile bonobos, also great apes, are on a completely different behavior spectrum, they are a female dominant, more peaceful, and heavily sexually oriented society.
Until the last few years, humans were separated into their own family within this super family because it was believed that we are considerably different from the apes. Nevertheless, recent genetic studies and discoveries from the fossil confirmations have made it clear that a number of of the apes are extra similar to humans than formerly believed. Subsequently, the living hominoids are now commonly classified into only two families with humans grouped with the great apes in the second family. The first is Hylobatidae, which is gibbons. And the second is Hominidae, which is humans, orangtans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos.
List the general characteristics of vertebrates. The general characteristics of vertebrates are two unique features of vertebrates: a skull and a backbone. The skull forms a hard case for the brain. The backbone is composed of a series of skeletal segments called vertebrae (singular, vertebra), which enclose the nerve cord. 4.
Some primates (including some great apes and baboons) do not live primarily in trees, but all species possess adaptations for climbing trees. Locomotion techniques used include leaping from tree to tree, walking on two or four limbs, knuckle-walking, and swinging between branches of trees (known as brachiation). Primates are characterized by their large brains, relative to other mammals, as well as an increased reliance on stereoscopic vision at the expense of smell, the dominant sensory system in most mammals. These features are most significant in monkeys and apes, and noticeably less so in lorises and lemurs. Three-color vision has developed in some primates.
The next oldest bear that evolved was from the Subfamily Tremaratinae, the family of the Adean (or Spectacled Bear). The Spectacled Bear diverged about 15 million years ago. They are about 5 feet long and weigh 200-300 pounds. They have a black or blackish brown coat, there muzzle throat and chest cream colored, with golden rings around there eyes. They are scarce because of over hunting and people destroying their habitat.
Ranging in size from 30 g (1.1 oz) to 9 kg (20 lb), lemurs share many common, basal primate traits, such as divergent digits on their hands and feet and nails instead of claws (in most species). However, their brain-to-body size ratio is smaller than that of anthropoid primates, and among many other traits they share with other strepsirrhine primates, they have a "wet nose" (rhinarium). Lemurs are generally the
Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies By: Jared Diamond World History AP Journal Entries And Reaction Paper August 12, 2015 Summary: Chapter 1 - “Up to the Starting Line” The first chapter begins with the origins of the human species. Jared Diamond believes in the concept of evolution and therefore, analyzes, what he calls, our three closest relatives: the gorilla, the common chimpanzee, and the pygmy chimpanzee. Fossils show us that 4 million years ago we achieved an upright position through evolution. It is also reported that our body and relative brain size began to grow at the same time that stone tools became common, which was about 2.5 million years ago. About half a million years ago human fossils diverged from the Homo erectus in their enlarged, rounder, and less angular skulls.