The Roman Empire in Rome, Italy was very long lasting mainly because of the amount of money and places the army took over. This empire, lasted for over 500 eventful years, started in 44 BC, the appointment of Julius Caesar. The Roman Empire started in Italy and spread to Spain, Carthage, Macedonia, Asia Minor and many more. They were strong but there was a lot of selfishness between the army and the empire. The four main reasons for the collapse of the empire are Economics.
Around 500 C.E., Western Rome fell. East part of Rome rose as the Byzantine Empire, which lasted for nearly a thousand years. The Silk Roads were reestablished again under the Islamic Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasty in the west and the Tang Song in the east. Products such as, paper, movable type printing and gunpowder were continuity but over time different products were changed Muslim traders in Africa and brought gold, silver. The trade patterns remained the same in previous years.
Undoubtedly, Rome came to greatness by rigid laws that tied the kingdom together as well as a Republic. The empire started as a small place around the Mediterranean Sea in about 500 BCE, and by the time it had deteriorated in 467 CE, it had at one point stretched from present day Britain to present day Armenia. To unify that entire empire from, they had consistent, strict laws everyone abided by. In contrast, India had a more loose government and was less politically unified which at times weakened it. The caste system which was a part of their religion mostly gave order to the land.
The need to raise, transport and supply large armies led to growth in trade throughout Europe. Roads largely unused since the days of Rome saw significant increases in trafiic as local merchants began to expand their horizons. And this aided the beginning of the Renaissance in Italy. The social position of Jews in western Eurpoe deteriorated significantly during and after the Crusades. The crusades affected western culture because of their biblical practices that threatened it.
One of the most obvious reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire is that it had "over-extended itself too far away from the base" (Malcolm). It had conquered much of Italy, and the size of the Roman Empire was several times the size of Rome itself. It was simply becoming too large for it’s own good. Since it had become so enormous, it became difficult for the leaders of Rome to control such a vast empire, and it collapsed. One of the main events which has had an effect on the fall of the Roman Empire is the decline of her military.
It has been stated that the very success of the Roman Republic in war and imperial expansions led to its defeat. While this statement makes several valid points, it is likely that numerous other facets functioned in the fall of the Republic---especially that of Senatorial corruption and its ensuing lack of popularity. Gradually and with little warning, the surface of Roman life as a Republic began to transform at a rate that threatened the very fabric of the governing body. With the commencement of the second Punic war, a great disproportion of wealth grew evident. Whereas prior most plebeians were farmers or laborers who owned small but significant portions of property or earned adequate payment for their toils, upon the second Punic War, Hannibal destroyed this land, leaving plebeians homeless with little source of income.
In many civilizations or societies, there has been a golden age of peace and prosperity. The golden ages helped to improve in the peoples daily lives and the safety of the area as a whole. Some of the most noticeable golden ages are those of Rome and Han China. There were many technological advances in both civilizations, such as aqueducts and silk roads. Also there were may things built to improve in the safety of the people.
“What set the limits to Ottoman Expansion in this period?” After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, there remained a continuous threat to the powers of central Europe that many had not previously anticipated. The Ottoman Empire spent much of the two centuries after their successful capture of the city in an onslaught of expansion, pushing both eastwards as far as Hungary and westwards to Iraq. However, the reasons as to why the Empire – with its obvious military prowess – doesn’t expand further than these boundaries has remained a question under debate amongst historians and ultimately leads to a number of points which should be considered. The key limitation that faced by the Ottoman Empire was the ultimate autonomy of the Sultan and the subsequent disasters encountered if the leaders had shortcomings, however other factors such as the military revolution in Europe, the financial strain on the Turkish Empire and the nature of their opponents and resources also contributed highly to the limits of Ottoman Expansion. If the expansionary activities of the Ottoman Empire during this period are examined chronologically then it can be seen that many of the conquest states are added to the Empire in groups: Mesopotamia, Syria and Egypt submit to the Empire within the space of three years (1515-1517) whilst Trebizond, Karaman, Otrano and Serbia are all added between 1459 and 1480.
Periods of stability were mixed in with those of near collapse, while powerful generals or inciters of the Roman mob jockeyed for position. The political, social, and economic crisis of the Republic was ultimately solved by extending Roman citizenship to the provincials and by imposing social peace from above by the authority of first a dictator who was Julius Caesar, then an Emperor, Caesar Augustus. During the wars of the third and second centuries, the senate came to exercise enormous power (Spielvogel, p. 135). Beginning with the Punic Wars and Roman conquest outside of Italy, followed by massive importation of slaves, the face of Roman life was changing far more rapidly than the governing body could deal with. Political backbiting was and always would be a common trait in any system, but even the greatest of Romans like Scipio Africanus, was a victim to the whims of politicians.
Because of this, roman citizens were charging higher prices for items so they would be receiving the same amount of silver. Inflation was not the empire’s only concern with the economy. The defense of the empire was very expensive and Rome also needed to maintain an active military, as a result Rome raised taxes that the average roman citizen could not afford. Even with the raised taxes it could not provide enough money to maintain the empire. The ultimate outcome of