Political and Cultural Changes and Continuities in Classical China

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In classical China from 100 C.E. to 600 C.E., political and cultural changes and continuities have been abundant. Continuities include the role of the Mandate of Heaven, government structure, and the building of the Great Wall. Major changes during this time period have been Chinese inventions, religion, and China’s many dynasties. The placement and use of the Mandate of Heaven has been a political constant during this time period of classical China. The Mandate of Heaven is the basic idea that a divine ruler gave certain people the right to rule. However, if the Mandate is removed, the dynasty is no longer in charge. This “explained” China’s many overthrown dynasties. Government structure is also a big political continuity in China during 100 C.E. to 600 C.E. China’s political structure remained unchanged for the most part. A cultural constant near the end of China’s classical period is the building of the Great Wall. Though construction started during the Qin dynasty (221-206 B.C.E.), it has been constructed on and off until around 1644. One of China’s cultural changes during 100 C.E. to 600 C.E. includes religion. Around 100 C.E., Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism, were China’s main religions. However, around 300 C.E., Buddhism started becoming popular, mainly due to Indian missionaries. Yet another cultural change in China revolves around inventions. The invention of paper in 105 C.E. and the development of sciences such as chemistry and physics starting around the late 500’s were major developments. A political change during this time was China’s ruling dynasties. From 100 C.E. to 220 C.E., the Han dynasty ruled over China. After the Han was overthrown, China descended into a political chaos that lasted until 589 C.E. with the start of the Jin dynasty. In conclusion, China has seen quite a few political and cultural changes and continuities from 100 C.E. to

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