Philosophy - William Paley

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Task: Write two paragraphs summarising the key ideas of Paley’s design argument. William Paley was an English Christian apologist and philosopher who was best known for his book – Natural Theology. Paley’s design argument was split into two parts, design qua purpose and design qua regularity. Paley’s design qua purpose argument was based on the fact that the universe was designed for a purpose. For Paley, the world was like a machine that was made up of intricate parts, all of which that worked towards an end. If you are walking along and you see a rock on the floor, you might look at it for a bit; look at its roundness, heaviness, immense boringness, and then get bored and wander off. After all, it's just a rock. You look at it in more detail, and it's still just a plain old rock. If you were to continue walking and you happened to come across a watch, you look at it for a bit, see the second hand moving in a regular pattern, and see the markings that appear to mean something. Then you take it apart, and see the amazing complexity with which the watch is comprised. Unlike the rock, which is simple and made from one material, the watch is comprised of many of different parts, all put together in a way which result in a certain behavior. It occurs to you that perhaps this watch was not just a random occurrence of nature, like the rock, and that it would probably have taken much skill and planning to make. In short, it would have needed a designer. Thus, in the same way that a complex system such as a watch needs a designer, a system so near-infinitely complex as the world must have also had an intelligent designer – God. The analogy of the watch serves as an analogy for the world: it demonstrates purpose, design and telos. All parts of the watch unite to fulfill a purpose, this cannot be explained by chance. Paley’s argument is also based on regularity. There

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