1. Describe the electromagnetic spectrum; make sure you discuss the patterns that occur with frequency and wavelength, as well as the different types of EM waves. Fiber optic data transmission systems send information over fiber by turning electronic signals into light. Light refers to more than the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is near to what is visible to the human eye. The electromagnetic spectrum is composed of visible and Near infrared light like that transmitted by fiber, and all other wavelengths used to transmit signals such as AM and FM radio and television.
You can purchase the devices together as a single combination unit called an optical loss test set (OLTS) or as separate units in a fiber-optic test kit. The Time-Domain Reflectometers is the primary tool used to determine the length of a copper cable and to locate the impedance variations that are caused by opens, shorts, damaged cables, and interference with other systems. Two basic types of TDRs are available: those that display their results as a waveform on an LCD or CRT screen and those that use a numeric readout to indicate the distance to a source of impedance. You can use a TDR to test any kind of cable that uses metallic conductors, including the coaxial and twisted-pair cables used to construct LANs. A high-quality TDR can detect a large variety of cable faults, including open conductors; shorted conductors; loose connectors; sheath faults; water damage; crimped, cut, or smashed cables; and many other conditions.
(Choose two answers.) a,c 3. A PC NIC and a switch port create one electrical circuit to use when sending data from the PC to the switch. Which of the following tasks is a function done by the transmitter? (Choose two answers.)
This light is lost in the cladding of the receiving optical fiber. Core diameter mismatch loss is typically only a concern with multimode optical fiber. To avoid core diameter mismatch make sure to check the cores of your fiber and make sure they are the same size to the best you can. Intrinsic factors that can affect connection performance in fiber-optics come in many types. A numerical aperture (NA) mismatch occurs when the NA of one optical fiber is different from the NA of the other optical fiber.
Routers R1 and R2 are directly connected via their serial interfaces and are both running the EIGRP routing protocol. R1 and R2 can ping the directly connected serial interface of their neighbor, but they cannot form an EIGRP neighbor adjacency. What action should be taken to solve this problem? Configure both routers with the same EIGRP process
According to this chapter, which of the following concepts happens in a modern-day, end-to-end voice call between two business telephones sitting in the same office building in the Unitied States? (Choose two answers.) C. The call uses both analog and digital electrical signals. D. The call represents short sounds as a unique set of bits. 4.
(4 points) 3. How a home user gets an IP address? (2 points) Your Internet service provider (ISP) can lease a permanent IP address to you, but that isn’t really necessary, unless you’re running your own Web or e-mail server on your home network. 4. Change the following IPv4 addresses from binary to dotted-decimal notion: (8 points) a.
8) U.S.B. - (Universal Serial Bus) is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and communications protocols used in a bus for connection, communication, and power supply between computers and electronic devices. 9) H.D.D.-(Hard disk drive) is a data storage device used for storing and retrieving digital information using rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic material. HDD retains its data even when powered off. Data is read in a random-access manner, meaning individual blocks of data can be stored or retrieved in any order rather than
By measuring the angles of diffraction and by calculating the grating spacing, the wavelength of the light may be calculated. The light source used in the experiment should be a monochromatic light source as the experiment requires light of a single wavelength in order for the wavelength to be calculated. The second part of the experiment demonstrates how to determine the measurement of the groove spacing of a CD. The CD is used as a reflective grating; the light is reflected from the surface of the cd some of the reflected angles will give rise to constructive maxima, similar to a diffraction grating. The last part of the experiment is to determine the measurement of the diameter of powder spores by passing a monochromatic light source through a circular aperture and producing a diffraction pattern of concentric rings.
But when they change or move together, they make waves - electromagnetic waves. Electric fields and magnetic fields create an electromagnetic wave Electromagnetic waves are formed when an electric field (which is shown in blue arrows) couples with a magnetic field (which is shown in red arrows). Magnetic and electric fields of an electromagnetic wave are perpendicular to each other and to