Dixon (cited in Hollway, 2007) points out that psychological research treated prejudice as the outcrop of abnormal psychological development. The author went on to mention that according to the work by some writers on the Dogmatic Personality ,prejudice is rooted in abnormal personality development and it is because of this view that prejudice was seen as closely related to cognitive rigidity. Prejudice is also closely linked to intergroup conflict. Intergroup conflict according to Bornstain (2003) generally involves conflicts of interest within groups of people. Bornstain (2003) goes on to point out that intergroup conflicts are rational in the sense that groups do have incompatible goals and are in competition for scarce resources.
Cultural Relativism, a term used to describe individual’s beliefs that should be accepted in one’s cultural but also can be denied in society. In James Rachels’ essay, “The Challenge of Cultural Relativism”, she brings up varies examples that contradicts with one society’s beliefs to another society. She uses this term and analyzes it different situations proving that it can be controversial at times since no one should have the same thinking process as another person. For example, if you were to take to civilizations of the past and tell them to trade beliefs. They would find it outrages since it would be unorthodox to their teachings.
If the reader takes Twains’ writings too literally, then clearly he would come off as somewhat offensive. I believe that Twain’s writings reflect how he feels about humanity as a whole, but in order to figure out just what Twain believes, the fact that Twain appears to be a racist must be overlooked so that they big picture can be seen. In order to better try to understand just how Twain felt about humanity, I will break down, to the best of my ability, some of Pudd’nhead Wilson’s Calendar entries to see if they give any indication of how Twain felt about humanity. Chapter 1: Tell the truth or trump-but get the trick (Twain). Basically, Twain is saying that you can either tell the truth or lie, but as long as you know the trick, you’re in control.
In writing this, he wanted to stress that each approach has an agenda and that these agendas should make us suspicious. To help get his answers, Knoblauch references articles from various writings of other literate authors throughout the essay helping to get his point across. The essay starts out with discussing how the labels literate and illiterate are sociocultural judgments laden with disapproval or pity about the character and place, the worthiness and prospects, of persons and groups. It then goes on to talk about how there is no uniformity of view of literacy and how the definitions of it are also rationalizations of its importance. Showing how social reality depends on literacy, Knoblauch uses the Middle ages as an example when he talks about how clerks back then were trained to read and write so they could keep accounts for landowners, merchants, etc.
In order to unite himself with the reader, Orwell concludes his essay with an acknowledgement of the fact that the very essay he is writing probably includes some of the mistakes he finds in the work of other writers, which contribute to the decline of the English language. The essence of Orwell’s essay is a criticism of the English language and an outline of its general decline, by identifying himself as part of the problem he includes himself in the” guilty party”, rather then accusing the public of neglecting their duty to use language properly. By taking ownership of his role as part of
When over analyzing What Sacajawea Means To Me by Sherman Alexie, its clear that the text has far more meaning when it is broken down into different lens like Deconstructionist, Gender, Marxist, Postcolonial, and even with a Reader's Response. Written intentionally in different contexts the author really does make you question what does Sacajawea mean to oneself. Is she a heroine or a villainess? Did she do what was right or what was wrong, should she be praised or should she be blamed.. We will never exactly know, we can only assume what and why things happened the way the did by processing history through various perspectives. Sacajawea although being recognized as the “mother” of america, everything she is and does is considered a contradiction.
Culture Appropriation After reading through the different articles and text, I’ve come to the conclusion that culture appropriation is basically not having enough thought to someone else’s culture. There is much confusion when it comes to the meaning of cultural appropriation. The literal meaning begins with Culture-Anthropological: the sum total of the attainments and learned behavior patterns of any specific period, race or people; Appropriation's meaning is to take for one's own use. It can be taken and used in many different ways, such as comical, offensive, or even just plain wrong. Me personally, I’ve found some funny but mostly it’s just offensive and lack in poor taste.
It is up to their characters choose to be active or inactive on the problems they are left with, as those characters make wrong choices their regrets build. While not all characters choose to act on their guilt conscience, their guilt still has strong affects and transforms their personalities. This clearly can be seen through the characters of Pip, Dolores, Miss Havisham and Matilda. Great Expectations’ Pip has one of the guiltiest consciences in literature, at times it seems to be to excessive and uncalled for. Nevertheless Pip’s guilt affects his actions and often those actions affect his own conscience.
The more you read the more your views about a particular topic change. How do you know what you are reading is actually accurate? Reading is not the evil but reading unacceptable material is an evil. Unacceptable material consists of text that is written for some evil propaganda. Reading causes the brain to stop thinking rationally and rely on what we read.
What can you ascertain about this type of genre from reading this example? What are its conventions? (If you wish to include any sources in your paper, make sure you document them correctly.) * What is the writer’s purpose? What is Gawande arguing?