Asexual Reproduction: Mitosis produces only genetically __________identical____________offspring. ANSWER: 2. Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis is a process to convert a ______diploid________ cell to a ____haploid________ gamete, and cause a change in the genetic information to increase ______diversity_________in the offspring. ANSWER(s): Next Summary of Chromosome Characteristics: 3. The diploid set of chromosomes for humans is 2n=____46________.
Make sure to mention homologous chromosomes in your answer. Allele includes one member of a pair of trait (or any of the series) of genes occupying a specific spot on a chromosome that control the same trait. When the alleles are identical, the individual is homozygous. On the other hand, a locus (position) is a specific location of a gene along a chromosome. 6.
Mendel’s Laws Explain each of Mendel’s Laws and explain the experiments he used to determine these laws. 1) Law of segregation of characters (alleles) When meiosis occurs, each of the pairs of alleles is separated and end up in different cells. Each gamete only receives one copy. 2) Law of independent assortment (of alleles) Each pair of alleles separate randomly. As long as alleles are on different chromosomes they will assort into the gametes independently of each other.
2. What might determine whether a person who shows the dominant characteristic is homozygous dominant or heterozygous? When a person shows a dominant trait, their genotype can be homozygous dominant or heterozygous. Homozygous dominant genes are usually noted as two capital letters, while heterozygous genes have one capital and one lowercase letter. This signifies that in heterozygous genes, there is one dominant gene and one recessive, while homozygous genes are both either dominant or recessive.
Mutations occur when an allele prevents a protein from forming or code for a variation in the protein, which can affect the physical appearance, or phenotype, of an organism. Alleles can be either dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles influence the physical appearance of an organism and can mask or hide the presence of recessive alleles (lab manual). Recessive alleles are only visible in the phenotype when there is no dominant allele. The purpose of this lab was to observe the inheritance of genes that affect the phenotype of drosophila wings.
A recessive allele will only be expressed if the genotype is homozygous. Heterozygous genotypes containing one dominant trait and one recessive trait will only express the dominant trait in the phenotype. If we do a pure breeding (monohybrid cross) between two parents, where one parent contains dominant homozygous alleles for black eyes and another parent contains recessive homozygous alleles for brown eyes, we will find all black eyes among the offspring of F1 generation. We can demonstrate this by using a punnet square. B B Bb | Bb | Bb | Bb | b b All (Bb) heterozygous genotypes are expressing the phenotype of black eyes.
Genes and the environment. Genes are the genetic information we carry inside our cells from earlier generations, in the form of the DNA molecule. Environment is any outside influence, such as family, friends, climate, society, country status, etc. When researchers analyze the origins of disease, the terms used to describe causation are "genetic" versus "environmental," but the issues are the same as those in the nature-versus-nurture debate. Conditions considered to be mainly genetic are ones in which the presence or absence of genetic mutations determines whether an individual or population will develop a disease, independent of environmental exposures or circumstances.
Explain the principal psychological perspectives There are six psychological perspectives for health and social care, Behaviourist, Social learning, psychodynamic, Humanistic, Cognitive and Biological. In this booklet I will explain the principles of each perspective. Biological This theory underpins the key notion that our genes make us who are we; it also centres on a theory called ‘Maturation theory’ which suggest that out behaviour is biological and not environmental. They believe that genes are forwarded to individuals from their parents and that cognitive, physical and other development processes unfold over time depending on the genes and individual has rather than the environment they live in. The ‘Maturation theory’ believes development happens as a sequenced process, also stating that genes help is develop into the person we are meant to be.
Meldels’ research was with plants, but the underlying principles of heredity translate to humans and other animals, because the mechanisms of heredity are basically the same for all complex life forms (O’ Neil, 1997-2013). In humans the genetic material that is the building blocks of how we look and grow is contained in our chromosomes. Chromosomes contain the tens of thousands of genes that instruct our bodies on how to look and grow. If we think of DNA as a minute, genes are an hour and the chromosome is a week. All 46 chromosomes are a year.
Hereditary characteristics are passed form parent to offspring as units of particles. We refer to hereditary of a given trait as a gene. There are different forms of genes are called alleles. Mendel’s factors correspond to alleles. Prior to reproduction alleles are separated so that specialized reproductive cells called gametes contain only one allele form each pair.