As the ageing population continues to grow, the dependency ratio will continue to rise and there the ratio of workers to dependents in unbalanced. There are less people to support those that are dependent both financially, through taxes perhaps, and socially. To combat this, Governments could increase taxes so that there was more funding to support the elderly, as in pay for their residential and medical care, but this would cause disputes among taxpayers. An alternative to this would be to revoke pension and service rights or by introducing a cost, which would exclude elderly people that belonged to the proletariat. Marxist would suggest that introducing a higher tax or introducing costs for welfare support would be society’s way of extending the oppression of the proletariat, keeping them poor and preventing revolution to form a communist
Title of Paper: Check Point: Population Size Student Name: Daniel Gurley Course/Number: SCI/275 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Due Date (MM/DD/YYYY): 06/08/2012 Instructor Name: Steve Renner The four factors that directly affect population size are birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration. The higher the birth rates of a species, the more likely the growth of the population, all else being equal. When talking about death rate, the fewer deaths within a population, the longer and more stable the population is likely to be. Immigration is the influx of members from surrounding areas. This is viewed as a growth in one area, but is really only a tradeoff for the entire species.
When companies can produce more due to demand they are able to hire more workers, which can lower the unemployment rate. Lowering the unemployment rate will provide more income tax revenue to the government and fewer citizens taking unemployment benefits. Conversely, when exports decrease consumers pay less money for products causing domestic profits to decline and companies are unable to maintain or increase their workforce causing the unemployment rate to
The standards of living decreased due to an increase in birthrates, making it easier for couples to support their families. Americans were greatly affected by the baby boom. With the large increase in families there came a large demand for housing. The GI bill helped provide families with more income so that they could afford to move into a home of their own rather than living with other family members (Axia College, 2008). With more babies, came the need for more schools.
This is due to social class. The higher the class the higher the standard of care. Researchers found that some of the 7500 deaths that are among people younger than the age of 65 could have been prevented could have been prevented if inequalities in wealth narrowed to their 1983 levels. If a baby girl is born in leeds she is more than twice as likely to die in the first year of life compared to an infant girl growing up in a dorset town. Alot of studies into health inequalities rely on morality, death, and morbidity, illness, data.
This is added to costs for advanced health care. Many feel that this will increase taxes, even causing some to not work because of how much they will have to pay to social security, putting an even further gap between the working and the elderly. We are often left with the question, what about us when we become elderly? When we reach elderly age, the elderly population will almost be doubled, and the working taxpayer percentages will be lower due to infertility, who
The rate rose during the 1980s, before falling again after the early 1990s, with a recent increase since 2001. Some of the factors that affects the size and structure of the population are the proportion of women who are of childbearing age and how fertile they are. The UK's fertility rate has risen since 2001, but it is still much lower than in the past. From an all-time low of 1.63 children per woman in 2001 to 1.84 by 2006. These changes in fertility shows that more women are remaining childless than in the past and women are postponing having children, older women may be less fertile and have fewer fertile years remaining, so they produce fewer children.
However, pensioners will be hit hard because the extra income they earn from saving will have dramatically reduced, making them worse off. On the other hand, savers may leave the pound for better interest rates in other countries (hot money), causing a fall in the demand for the pound. As a result the value of the pound will fall, making exports cheaper and there will be an injection of net exports. In conclusion, the impact of loose monetary policy will be beneficial to the economy because extra consumption and investment will cause AD to increase which will increase economic growth. However, it takes a long time for changes in interest rates to feed through to consumption and investment and by then the economy may have gotten worse.
Other researchers have also found that having larger numbers of nursing staff with BSN degreed RN’s resulted in a significant lower readmission rate and decrease in hospital stays. The outcome of the research spell out the money saved that would make up for the expenses of expanding the amount of nurses with BSN-degreed nurses in the
With life-expectancy increasing, this problem is only going to get worse. I was interested in the parallel problems in the field of nursing and the field of education – many of the problems and proposed solutions in nursing and teaching are quite similar – not enough incoming workers to replace retiring ones, a need to reduce case loads/class sizes and increase salaries, and a need to improve working conditions. One point Underwood brings up remains a problem, though. She explains that there is a problem of shrinking resources at nursing schools and indicated that in 2004, “understaffed nursing schools had to turn away more than 32,000 qualified applicants.” These numbers show that there IS a population of people who DO want to become nurses. However, changing the working environment, increasing salaries and reducing workloads for nurses in the field is not going to change whatever problem is causing the shortage of qualified faculty at nursing schools, so that is a serious problem that will need attention as