Persia conquered everyone they met at first. King Darius (king of Persia) sent messages to Athens and Sparta, telling them surrender; which they refused. Darius, now furious with the Greeks sent his army to fight at Marathon which was 26 miles away from Athens. The Persians lost this battle, a runner was sent to Athens to tell them of their victory. The Persians ran out of supplies and returned after the defeat of Marathon.
Spartan military king who bravely led a small force of Greeks (the famous 300) against the much larger Persian army of Xerxes, at the pass of Thermopylae. During this battle, 480 B.C., the 300 small Greek army lead by Leonidas himself fought hard and delayed the Persians from pushing forward for a while. The small Greek army would decrease the size of the Persian army and hold them off until Persians found a route to outflank the Greek army. King Leonidas realizing this, commanded his army to retreat and him and a handful of loyal soldiers that wanted to stay with him willingly fought the Persian army. The number of Greeks left was around 300 all of which fell including Leonidas.
Xerxes succession to the throne after his father, Darius, was not straightforward as many factors surrounding hi succession of the Persian kingship from Darius influenced xerxes succession. During the time Darius was king he had other children outside his marriage to Atossa. As Artabazanes was Darius’ eldest son, he had appeared to be named as Darius’ successor in 507BC. Quarrels over the succession of the new king erupted between followers of Xerxes and Artabazanes. Artabazanes claimed that he was the eldest son of all children of Darius and that it was among all mankind that custom for the eldest son to take over the rule as the new king was not selected on the principle of primogeniture but according to modern historian J.M Cook Xerxes had a stronger claim than his brother because he was the son of Atossa, the daughter of Cyrus the great.
He served with distinction, winning the Civic Crown for his part in the Siege of Mytilene. On a mission to Bithynia to secure the assistance of King Nicomedes's fleet, he spent so long at his court that rumors of an affair with the king arose, which Caesar would vehemently deny for the rest of his life. [18] Ironically, the loss of his priesthood had allowed him to pursue a military career, as the high priest of Jupiter was not permitted to touch a horse, sleep three nights outside his own bed or one night outside Rome, or look upon an army. [19] Hearing of Sulla's death in 78 BC, Caesar felt safe enough to return to Rome. Lacking means since his inheritance was confiscated, he acquired a modest house in Subura, a lower-class neighborhood of Rome.
Following on, the King would generalize and plan out military campaigns. Through these campaigns, guards called ‘ephors’ follow and observe the Kings actions. By doing this, the King had limits and wasn’t able to conduct illegal actions. By failing to proceed to war without any problems, the ephors would report back to Sparta and from there, the King would be recalled and exiled. Through this we can represent Source 2.7, a statue on behalf of Leonidas, a renowned King of Sparta who lead the three hundred men.
All but one decided there was no reason to attack the Athenian troops but the one final Boeotarch, Theban Pagondas, disagreed and giving an emotional speech that convinced all to pursue the Athenians. He claimed that attacking the enemy now
The other gods decided that the match was a tie. Many of the gods were sympathetic to Horus, but remembered his anger toward his mother for being lenient to Set, and were unwilling to support him completely. The gods who formed the court decided to write a letter to Osiris and ask for his advice. Osiris responded with a definite answer: his son is the rightful king, and should be placed upon the throne. No one, said Osiris, should take the throne of Egypt through an act of murder, as Set had done.
In a way the legend was fulfilled when Alexander took over control of the known world at the time. The Persian emperor Darius came to meet him with a force of 140,000 on his way to conquer Persia. Darius chose to wait it out, letting Alexander's forces come to him, and Alexander, taking this as a sign of weakness, charged on the Persians. Alexander nearly got himself killed, but the Battle of Issus was a decisive victory for the Greeks. Darius fled, leaving Alexander in control of the entire western portion of the Persians'
The Persian Wars How did the Greeks repeatedly defeat the mighty Persian forces with drastically lower numbers? The Persian Wars were a series of wars and battles between Greek city states and the colossal Persian Empire. The two great examples for this question would be the battles of Marathon and Thermopylae. Many historians have different interpretations and conjectures on what happened during these battles and these wars. Some questionable facts are how many men really fought in this battle, how did the Greeks triumph against the juggernaut force of the Persian armada, and what strategies they would have used.
The ancient Greeks believed that keeping their citizens strong and healthy would help strengthen the city-states. The only men allowed to participate would be Greek speaking. Women were not allowed to compete and married women were not even allowed to attend the games. Ancient Olympics started as a time to honor Zeus. Zeus was the father of all the Greek gods and goddesses.