‘Kazan Uses a Range of Cinematic Devices to Reveal the Emotional and Moral Struggles of Characters in “on the Waterfront”.’ Discuss.

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Elia Kazan’s 1954 film ‘On the Waterfront’ explores the emotional and moral development of protagonist Terry Malloy’s involvement with the lies, corruption and crime that infest the New Jersey Waterfront. Kazan’s employment of mise-en-scene throughout the film enhances the “battles” that the conflicted characters, Terry, Edie and Father Barry, go through as each of them takes their different path towards morality. Terry’s journey begins with the murder of Joey Doyle. After luring Joey to the “knock off” Terry joins Charley, Truck and Tullio outside Johnny Friendly’s Bar. The blocking of this scene shows Charley at the head, indicating the hierarchy in the gang. We find that Terry had no knowledge of the murder, as he thought “the worst they was gonna do was lean on him a little bit”. Tullio and Truck’s jokes, “maybe he could sing, but he couldn’t fly”, is juxtaposed with Terry’s guilt and concern over the ordeal. This shows the separation between Terry and the other gang members. Use of character clothing shows this distinction in power as well. Charley wears a fine “Camel-hair” coat; followed by the two other gang members also in coats contrast with Terry’s worn out jacket, making him appear smaller and different. Kazan utilizes such film devices to reveal the guilt building in Terry, separating him from the other gang members. At the bar Terry and Edie questions each other’s morals about life, where we see the juxtaposition of their different views. This distinction between their two lives is further emphasized as Edie looks out of place in Terry’s world. She wears high collared clothing and seems reserved and unrelaxed in the bar, whereas Terry feels more comfortable. Terry’s philosophy of life, “Do it to him before he does it to you,” contradicts with Edie’s “Shouldn’t everyone take care of everyone else?” moral. Kazan cuts from a close up of Terry to one of

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