International Health Defination and Classification

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INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health as being in a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 2006). As at the time of adoption of this definition at the international health conference, New York in 1946 by the representatives of 61 states, this formulation was groundbreaking because of its breadth and ambition. It overcame the negative definition of health as absence of disease and included the physical, mental, and social domains (WHO, 2006). The Alliance Institute for Integrative Medicine also view health as much more than just a state of physical wellness. It also encompasses emotional stability, clear thinking, the ability to love, create, embrace change, exercise intuition and experience a continuing sense of spirituality (Allied Institute For Integrative Medicine, 2002). These definitions has been criticized over the past years, the major criticism being that it lack operational value and the problem created by use of the word "complete" in the WHO definition. Criticism is now intensifying, and as populations’ age and the pattern of illnesses changes the definition may even be counterproductive. Despite this criticism however, the WHO definition still remains the most enduring (Huber and Knottnerus, 2011). Given the rise of chronic disease, the WHO definition of health as complete wellbeing is no longer fit for purpose. Huber and Knottneru (2011) proposed changing the emphasis towards the ability to adapt and self manage in the face of social, physical, and emotional challenges. INTERNATIONAL HEALTH DEFINATION United States Institute of Medicine referred to international health as health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries. These may be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries, and are best addressed by

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