The authors supported their arguments by extensive research. The findings of the article imply that work-related values are likely to change over a period of time. As suggested by Kuchinke (1999), Human Resource Department (HRD) should conduct their own cultural assessments and rely on the latest general scores reported. Hofstede’s country classification measures have been widely used in past research (Kuchinke 1999, Simeon, Nicholson, Wong 2001, Ardichvili 2002). Hofstede’s methodology has been criticized for its unreliability (Kuchinke 1999, Ardichvili 2002).
At first it was unclear on which platform Merchant stood upon. The platform of progress in which Eden is the new modern civilizations filled with science, technology, and convenience; or the platform of digression in which man has destroyed nature and a need to gain it back. As I read, I realized that Merchant researched and elaborated on many different perspectives apart from her own. In her bringing in many contradicting points of views it allows the brain to wander, and it allows this fictional idea of finding the perfect Eden once again seem as if it could possibly be nonfiction. Various times throughout Carolyn Merchant’s text she states that nature the most superior thing.
Gimbutas was able to read and translate the archaeological reports from Eastern Europe, which opened the American to new ideas on archeology. She remained at Harvard for thirteen years where she also became a lecturer in the Department of Anthropology. In 1955 Marija Gimbutas was made a Fellow of Harvard’s Peabody Museum. 1956 brought an International conference at Philadelphia, and it was here that Marija Gimbutas introduced her “Kurgan Hypothesis,” which combined archaeological study of the distinctive “Kurgan” burial mounds with linguistics to unravel some problems in the study of the Proto-Indo-Europeans; namely, to account for their origin and to trace their migrations into Europe. The word “Kurgan” is a Russian word from Turkic describing the kind of graves and grave-barrows built by the people of this culture.
Charismatic & Transformational Leadership Chapter 9 Charismatic and Transformational leadership (TL for short) originated in an interest in learning more about how leaders get followers to make self-sacrifices and put the needs of their organization above their own material self-interests. This chapter describes the major theories of charismatic and TL, provides an evaluation of these theories, and then offers guidelines for TL. TWO EARLY THEORIES Charisma. Charisma is a Greek word that means ""divinely inspired gift". A sociologist, Max Weber, used the term to describe a form of influence based not on tradition or formal authority, but rather on follower perceptions that the leader has exceptional qualities.
Essay topic: “It is often asserted that new entrants more typically introduce radical innovations than do incumbent firms. Is this accurate? Discuss.” In this Essay I would describe the factors seen in the scholar literature as the key incentives for the firm to introduce the radical innovation, dwell on the correlation between these factors and the status of the firm (new entrant or incumbent), point out the changes of this correlation in historian prospective and elaborate on the current ratio of the new entrants and incumbent firms in the radical innovations and its possible future developments. It is important to notice that different kinds of radical innovations should be distinguished. While it is common to treat the new technology as a radical innovation, here we would talk about the radical innovation both in technical and economic sense.
Timeline: Final Assessment Michael Crichton’s view on the medieval period is different than that of our understandings from first glance. Crichton compares today’s modern society to that of the medieval society, and even goes as far as saying it is superior that that of ours. Some of his portrayals are well devised and backed up in his writing of timeline, while his other theories aren’t as well developed and not entirely true. Michael suggests such themes as the greater value of knowledge, decreased amount of violence, and superior technology to that of the twentieth century. They may have made new and greater technology and advanced on such things as the mill, cannon, and quicklime, but I don’t believe that it is greater compared to those advancements made in modern times, just for example, the internet and cell phones.
All theories are based on a particular perspective someone has come to from experience.4 Often theorists use them in the hope that they will solve problems and create a better future. Additionally, theories can transcend their original perspectives to be used in new ways. Such a position was advocated by International Relationsʼ theorists such as Robert Cox when they faced a time period where theories were dominated by natural sciences. This essay will first illustrate problems with these positivist theories and then proceed to show how Robert Cox used Gramsciʼs absolute historicism as a basis to create a new system for analysis. After describing how Cox developed Gramsciʼs ideas of hegemony, civil
The paper will show both positive and negative results that relate to the author's own insights and individualization. This paper will also discuss the criticisms of this theory and the individuals need for self-actualization. Along with this discussion will be a brief description of two of the influential founders of this theory. Humanistic theory is a theory of its own caliber and has raised the standard in psychoanalysis and behaviorism while focusing more realistically on human behavior. Humanistic psychology is young compared to the age of other approaches and theories, but very different in the basis that the approach focuses on individual control and free will or choices and steers away from the ideas that all human behavior is based around pleasure.
Functional theory seemed to support the idea of a ‘status quo’, or an assumption that social functions are either fine as they are or are evolving toward something better. Rigid functionalism thus fell into disfavor as Neo-Marxist conflict theories gained more widespread acceptance and publication. Many of functionalism’s concepts are borrowed from organic biology. Societies are said to undergo ‘selection pressure’ and to respond in Darwinian ways. Again thinking of the social function of marriage a functionalist might theorize that age limits serve society
Basic Premises MODERNITY - Modernity came into being with the Renaissance. Modernity implies “the progressive economic and administrative rationalization and differentiation of the social world” (Sarup 1993). In essence, this term emerged in the context of the development of the capitalist state. Anthropologists have been working towards studying modern times, but have now gone past that. The fundamental act of modernity is to question the foundations of past knowledge.