Hughes Poem Explication / Hughes & Cullen Poem Comparison

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Explication of Langston Hughes’ “Mother to Son” Literature often requires a certain type of read. Specifically speaking about poetry, the reader will often miss a theme or important aspect if read incorrectly. Poetry, though shorter than stories, often times call for a closer read. The author’s intent can easily be misread without the correct judgment. It is important to note any literary element used in the structure of the piece, because though it translates as effortless, it is done with great intent. A perfect example of this idea is the 20 line poem, “Mother to Son” by Langston Hughes. Hughes is known for his efficiency in telling a story regardless of formatting, making this work no different. The reader soon learns that the title may be taken literally because it is indeed a mother talking to her son. The use of metaphor is very prevalent in this work by Hughes. Firstly, the reader may notice the attention given to the comparison and contrast of a crystal staircase to that of a more worn and weathered one, all relating to life. One might consider an individual who has lived life with a silver spoon in their mouth more likely to have walked the crystal staircase. That individual’s path may have been paved, easier, and even offered help. The rougher path that was taken by the mother in Hughes’ poem is described to have been a very intense contrast. The line “It’s had tacks in it, and splinters, and boards torn up” thoroughly explains the type of stair she was afforded (3-5). The detail paints a mental picture for the reader to understand how hard the walk of this staircase has been. Tacks and splinters imply pain and torn boards represent hardship. The imagery in this very line describes just how difficult life has been for the mother. “And sometimes goin’ in the dark, where there ain’t been no light” (12, 13). In lines 12 and 13 the reader notes a very

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