Government Criticisms: Drakulić & Voltair

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Government Criticisms History 105; Section 007 April 18, 2012 Voltaire had quite a lot to say about the government practiced in Early Modern Europe. Similarly, Slavenka Drakulić had her fair share of thoughts about the government practiced in Modern Eastern Europe. While both criticized the corruption of government, they were talking about two different forms. Voltaire, being against the idea of monarchy, presented his opinion by way of a satire in his book, Candide. Meanwhile, Drankulić presented her anti-communist opinion in her collection of short stories, Café Europe. These two criticisms can be compared and contrasted quite easily. In this paper, I will explain Voltaire’s argument against monarchy and Drankulić’s argument against communism. I will go on by comparing the two in regards to government control and inequality. Lastly, I will contrast how the two authors set up their arguments. Voltaire attacks monarchy through covert means in his novel, Candide. He uses satire to show the contradictions and the inconsistencies of monarchial rule. The character Pangloss creates an illusion of optimism throughout the story. While Pangloss constantly reminds Candide that he lives in “the best of all possibly worlds,” Voltaire really means quite the contrary. He is trying to display how much human pain goes unnoticed despite the fact that it is all around us. This may seem like a backward approach, but Voltaire forces the reader to question monarchial authority on their own. As far as inconsistency goes, the monarchs seem to pity themselves. Voltaire mocks that idea and tries to highlight the suffering of the people as a greater importance. “All I presume is that there are millions of men in this world who are a hundred times more unfortunate than King Charles Edward, Emperor Ivan and Sultan Ahmed” (Volatire 192). Voltaire
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