Global Effects Of Water Pollution

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Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all levels. According to “environmental science ,fourth edition” Water pollution is any physical, biological, or chemical change in water quality that adversely affects living organisms or makes water unsuitable for desired use. The term “water pollution” generally refers to human-induced (anthropogenic) changes to water quality. Sources of water pollution are generally divided into two categories. The first is point-source pollution, in which contaminants are discharged from a discrete location. Sewage outfalls and oil spills are examples of point-source pollution. The second category is non-point-source or diffused pollution, referring to all of the other discharges that deliver contaminants to water bodies. Acid rain and unconfined runoff from agricultural or urban areas are examples of non-point-source pollution. The principal contaminants of water include: toxic chemicals (organic and inorganic), nutrients and biodegradable organics and bacterial and viral pathogens (infectious agents). The contamination of ground water, rivers, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, and oceans can threaten the health of humans and aquatic life. Infectious agents such as pathogenic organisms are serious water pollution agents in terms of human health worldwide. Bacterial and viral pathogens can pose a public health risk for those who drink contaminated water or eat raw shellfish from polluted water bodies. Infectious agents are some of the most serious pollutants worldwide. Among the list of waterborne diseases are typhoid, cholera, polio and malaria. These disease are transferred by insects which aquatic larvae. The most serious pathogen is from untreated or improperly treated human waste which is a major pollutant in Less Develop Countries (LDC). The World Health

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