Arguably the elected MPs are the reason that a representative democracy flourishes with the elected MPs superseding the knowledge of the public. However, it could be argued that MPs have the interest of toeing the party line, or even acting in their own interests rather than the constituent’s interests. Nevertheless, MPs are learned individuals who would make the correct decisions with the interests of their party, their constituency and themselves, effectively fulfilling the role of an MP. The government within a representative democracy is advantageous as it is held to account for its
LAW REFORM “ Evaluate the effectiveness of Law Reform in achieving justice for individuals and society. ” Law Reform is a vital tool used for progressing the legal system toward more equitable and just outcomes for individuals and society. The process of law reform investigates existing State and Commonwealth Laws, in order to adapt and improve the law in line with societal values. The abolishment of Capital Punishment (1967), the introduction of Native Title (1998) and the historic case, Starvation of Ebony (2007) are three valuable examples of such law reform. In the aftermath of these events, each case was carefully assessed and changes were implemented as a result of the inadequacies in the pre-existing legal regime.
Although, on the other hand the soveriegnty of parliament does widely interfere with the judicarys ability to protect civil liberties in britain. Acts of parliament are binding on everyone within the UK including the supreme court. The soveriegn status and power of Parliament puts it above the judicary. This means that if a ruling is passed and the government do not approve they are able to avoid the ruling. This was seen in 2005 when in response to the Belmarsh case the government passed the 2005 'Prevention of Terrorism Act'.
Characteristics such as the antecedents of groupthink will be evaluated, including provocative situational contexts and cohesiveness (Janis, 1972, 1982, 1989). Group decision making and the effects of groupthink along with its advantages and disadvantages will also be discussed. Communication is of the high importance for groups in making decisions as is the social influence within a group. Emphasis will be placed on how the new President of the USA ‘Barack Obama’ can be made aware of groupthink. Preventative techniques and evidence of groupthink will be suggested as a means to help the President avoid groupthink from occurring too often in his administration.
The presence and power of pressure groups in a state depends on a number of factors. Pressure groups can be reached out by the govt or can keep themselves from it. However, there are numerous factors which make pressure groups a backbone of democracy while other factors undermine it. Pressure groups enhance pluralism, which is a characteristic of democracy, as it encourages competing centres of power, representation and choice. Especially true where pro and anti- groups coexist, depicting all shades of opinion.
This can be confusing and can also have a profound effect on the opinion of those who depend on statistical data for evidence. By using potentially deceiving data it is possible for the writer to convince the reader to agree with their opinion. This will ultimately depend on what the writer’s initial motives are, and these motives will consist of a ‘for’ and ‘against’ strategy but can also have a diplomatic approach. There is a variety of explanations to suggest why migrants want to inhabit the UK. These reasons may be because of family or friend connections, a better standard of living, education, better job prospects or maybe they are unfortunately trying to escape poverty, trauma or even political dispute.
B) Explain the divisions that exist within the conservative party over ideas and policies. (10 marks) Due to changing policies in the face of different leaders division exist with the party over ideas and policies. The party may contain division in the way to move forward from their Thatcher past. Traditionalists hold a belief in an ordered society and a belief in a strong heavily involved government. The more liberal section of the party hold views in more environmental protection and those who seek to modernise the party, which was Cameron’s initiative, by promoting strong social justice.
Sometimes this can conflict with their party’s policy, but there are many occasions when such MPs can protect their constituents and take it up further with the party, and any other government bodies. It is a key part of the democratic system that each individual feels that there is an elected representative who will listen to their problems, and try to resolve them. Also to some extent both Houses of Parliament are expected to act as representatives of society as a whole, as the MPs/Peers express their concerns to them and they have to make final decisions. The second main feature of the UKs democratic system is direct democracy, more precisely referendums: to some extent Britain is becoming more of a consultative democracy which is a limited kind of direct democracy, but the true meaning is where the citizens themselves make critical decisions, the device used for this is a referendum: this is an occasion when citizens, either all or just in a specific region, are asked to determine a question of public importance. A referendum is
This occurs when the language in the statute is ambiguous and the judge has to use the rules of interpretation (i.e. literal, golden, mischief and purposive) to determine the intent of the parliament when it enacted the particular legislation. The human rights act 1998(HRA) as well, has increased the law-making ability of the judiciary. The interpretative provisions of the Human Rights Act 1998 have had a major impact on judicial interpretative practices. Under Section 3 of the HRA1998 the courts are required to interpret primary and subordinate legislation in a way which is compatible with the convention rights, 'so far as it is possible to do so'.
This paper studied how Singapore faced issues with Domestic Workers mistreatments from employers, and how introducing new regulation in order to protect domestic workers rights mitigated the issue. The approach towards this study included administering causal stories to addresses the issue and Downs approach to analyses the issue from public attention. 2.0 Policy problem Based on Stone, causal stories have both empirical and moral dimension. Empirical route simply referred to causes based on facts or numbers. For example, Ministry of Manpower