Eskimos Have Hundred Words for Snow

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One of the most influential linguistic urban legends of all time: the idea that Eskimos have countless words for "snow" or that “Eskimos have a hundred words for snow”. In truth, Inuit and Yupik language families (there is no one "Eskimo language") don't have many more terms for snow than other languages do. Let us dig up one by one of where and why this idea even existed in the first place and why it is best treated as a myth or hoax. According to Pullum, “It is a tall tale of an embarrassing saga of scholarly sloppiness and popular eagerness to embrace exotic facts about other people's languages without seeing the evidence. The fact is that the myth of the multiple words for snow is based on almost nothing at all. It is a kind of accidentally developed hoax perpetrated by the anthropological linguistics community on itself.” The claim that Eskimo languages have an unusually large number of words for snow was a first idea that was voiced by Franz Boas which is often used as cliché idea about how language may keep us more or less alert. The first reference to Inuit having multiple words for snow is in the introduction to Handbook of American Indian Languages (1911) by linguist and anthropologist Franz Boas. He says, “To take again the example of English, we find that the idea of “water” is expressed in a great variety of forms: one term serves to express water as a “liquid”; another one, water in the form of a large expanse (lake); others, water as running in a large body or in a small body (river and brook); still other terms express water in the form of “rain”, “dew”, “wave” and “foam”. It is perfectly conceivable that this variety of ideas, each of which is expressed by a single independent term in English, might be expressed in other languages by derivations from the same term. Another example of the same kind, the words for “snow” in Eskimo, may be given. Here

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