The Components for Aggregate Demand are C (consumption)+ I (income)+ G (government spending)+ (X-M) (net exports) and a change in the components of Aggregate demand will cause a shift of the curve. Fiscal policy is a type of economical intervention where the government injects its policies into an economy in order to either expand the economy’s growth or to contract it. By changing the levels of spending and taxation, a government can directly or indirectly affect the aggregate demand. Fiscal policy can be used in order to either stimulate a sluggish economy or to slow down an economy that is growing at a rate that is getting out of control. There are two types of Fiscal policy put in place to alter the level of aggregate demand; Expansionary fiscal policy and Contractionary fiscal policy.
This enormous population has created severe prison overcrowding as well as an ever increasing financial burden on federal, state, and local governments. Furthermore, security, housing, and providing healthcare for such a large population has placed a substantial burden on correctional personnel and prison administrators as well (Bureau of Justice Assistance [BJA], 2001). The increasing demand for more prison space and prison facilities, while governments attempt to reduce correctional funding has sparked a crisis within the criminal justice system. As the corrections system began to take on public criticism in the early 1980’s, policy makers were looking for solutions and one such solution was to privatize state and local prisons. With promises to provide additional facilities, more secure facilities, more jobs and better jobs while reducing government spending, privatization looked as though it might be a viable solution.
Plea bargain to get less jail time b. Story of Brian Banks VII. Conclusion a. Budget cuts within prosecutor’s office would impact legal system b. How the funds could help the public defender’s office The indigent defense crisis is on the rise in this country.
Privatizing Jails and Prisons: The Pros & Cons Name Institution Privatizing Jails and Prisons: The Pros & Cons The movement to privatize correctional facilities has gained a lot of impetus in the USA following the need to cut the cost of incarceration at both the state and federal levels. According to Chen (2008), a number of factors are causing an inflationary shift in the numbers of inmates, a pattern projected to continue into the foreseeable future. These factors include the recent emphasis placed on controlling illegal immigration, the crackdowns resulting from this lead to the swelling up of correctional facilities. The second reason involves the lengthening of jail terms for a number of crimes. The net result has been an increase of inmates by about 25% between 2006 and 2011 in 10 states.
But this soon changed as Henry VIII doubled household expenditure and started costly wars against both France and Scotland. With his wealth rapidly decreasing, Henry VIII imposed a series of taxes devised by his finance minister, Thomas Wolsey. Soon the people began to resent Wolsey's taxes and a new source of finance had to be found: in 1544, Henry reduced the silver content of new coins by about 50%; this was repeated to a lesser extent the following year. This, combined with injection of bullion from the New World, increased the money supply in England; which led to continuing price inflation. This threatened landowners' wealth, which encouraged the landowners to become more efficient, and enclosure was seen as a way of doing
Due to this debt the government then resulted in printing money and this resulted in inflation. Inflation destroyed savings of the middle class and especially effected land owners as they relied on rent. State employees and factory workers purchasing power fell by 25% because of the value of the Iire. The state also spent 148 billion lire on the war effort and inflation increased with the price index quadrupling, and rising from 100 in 1914 to 413 in 1918. Conscription soaked up rural unemployment and some peasants grew prosperous.
In each state there are different levels and locations in which a prison is ran. As we progress as a world, we have to address the growing issues that are causing the demise of our system on both levels, state and federal. The federal prison was created by an act of Congress signed into law by President Herbert Hoover in May of 1930. Prior to the first federal prison opened, there were federal prisoners but they were housed in other locations such as state prisons. In prior decades, there were few federal crimes and a few criminals sentenced to federal prison but that was changed after the Civil War.
Final Paper Justin C Lee SOC305 Crime and Society Prof. Ekaterina Gorislavsky October 10, 2014 Overpopulation of our Prisons Prison overcrowding has become a very serious issue within the United States. Throughout the years numbers have grown at an alarming rate and each day our prisons become more and more unstable. Rates are growing for a number of reasons. More people are becoming incarcerated because of changes and improvements to the laws as well as the increase in law enforcement tactics to take crime off the streets. With these improvements comes the fact that our prisons are too small for the amount of people that are being put in jail, this includes county, state, as well as federal.
I seems that the most heavily weighted subject of the auto bailouts is the concern about the enormous numbers of jobs that would be lost if a bailout is not approved. The Nation talks in depth about the dire need of passing a bailout because of job losses, estimating the potential number of those to be unemployed if it is not passed at three million (20). The Pew Research Center actually lays out in detailed numbers the weight that the auto industry carries for employment. This publication states that 1 in 10 jobs rely on the auto industry, equating to 2.3 million Americans, or roughly 2% of the workforce. Although both publications indicate the large number of jobs to potentially be lost, The Pew Research Center article provides much greater clarity of the impact.
Fiscal policy concerns the use of changes in the amount of taxation (T) and government spending (G) to influence the national economy. Changing G will directly affect aggregate demand as AD calculated through the equation AD = C + I + G + (X-M). Not only does fiscal policy affect AD but also aggregate supply, however the affect on AD will be much more immediate whereas AS is affected indirectly over a longer period of time. Monetary policy concerns three main methods of government intervention in an economy; changing the money supply, changing interest rates and the exchange rate. Monetary policy will also indirectly affect AS, as well as directly affecting AD.