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PHILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES & KEY CONCEPTS Aaron T. Beck developed his approach known as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy as a result of his work and observations with depressed clients. C.B.T. is based on fundamental assumptions that our thoughts can and do determine how we feel and behave in relation to events in our everyday lives and our environment. Beck contends that psychological problems or dysfunctional behaviour can occur as a result of faulty or distorted thinking and through engaging and employing C.B.T. techniques we can change or modify the way we think, to cause us to feel and act better even if our external situations and events do not change.
The author will examine the limitations and restrictions of CBT in the wider principles of mental healthcare provision and consider how the application of CBT within the practice of Mental Health Nursing can influence the possible future development and advancement, of new nursing models/concepts of nursing practice, in particular the author will examine the impact of CBT with the recovery process. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy was founded by Aaron Beck in the late 1960’s and is based on the concept of irrational cognitive processes which have been learned and maintained through enforcement. Beck describes cognitive therapy as ‘…. An active, directive, time-limited, structured approach used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders (for example, depression, anxiety, phobias, pain problems (Beck et al 1976). The cognitive model assumes that clients have a negative view of themselves, their environment and the future.
The competences required to deliver effective cognitive and behavioural therapy for people with depression and with anxiety disorders DH INFORMATION READER BOX Policy HR/Workforce Management Planning Clinical Document purpose Gateway reference Title Estates Commissioning IM & T Finance Social care/partnership working Best practice guidance 8666 The competences required to deliver effective cognitive and behavioural therapy for people with depression and with anxiety disorders Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) Programme September 2007 PCT CEs, NHS Trust CEs, SHA CEs, Care Trust CEs, Foundation Trust CEs, Medical Directors, Directors of Nursing, Special HA CEs, Allied Health Professionals N/A This document identifies the
milieu therapy treatment, usually in a psychiatric hospital, that emphasizes the provision of an environment and activities appropriate to the patient's emotional and interpersonal needs. Founders August Aichorn, Bruno Bettelheim, Fritz Redl and David Wineman were among the early pioneers in using Milieu Therapy. Definition A type of treatment in which the patient's social environment is manipulated for his benefit. Description Therapeutic community, in which patients stay at a residence where they lead a highly structured life. This approach can be used for substance abusers, or people with severe disorders that impair their ability to function in normal living.
Person Centred Therapy [Name of the writer] [Name of the institution] Person Centred Therapy Introduction Person-centred therapy is a branch of psychological aid that treats a patient orally, wherein he patient is provided the opportunity to develop through proper encouragement their self of self-worth in order to establish how their attitudes, feelings as well as typical behaviour is affecting their life in a negative manner. Carl Rogers, the renowned American psychologist, introduced the humanistic approach towards psychology, and person-centred therapy is one of his most famous works. It is a distinctive approach to understanding how the human personality and relationships work together to form an individuals perception of themselves. Person centred therapy is applied in a wide array of domains such as counselling, education, organizations, work settings or psychotherapy. Rogers introduced this type of therapy in the 1940’s and 1950’s, and is generally used by psychotherapists around the world due to its humanistic approach towards treating the patient.
(Schwartz 2000). Weir and Oie 1996 described the classification system as a functional, standardised and validated mean of grouping objects and phenomena. A mental health professional classify the disorder according to the patterns of behaviour, thought and emotion. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (text revision) (DSM- IV- TR) (American Psychiatric Association 2000) and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD- 10 – AM) (WHO 1992) was a product of research developed as the universal system of classification. An understanding of the system classification allows mental health professionals to communicate effectively and professionally to other health disciplines in participating collaboratively in the patient’s care, to contribute to clinical problem solving and in attributing appropriate therapy interventions (Clinton & Nelson 1996).
Julie Mark 1 “Evaluate the claim that Person-Centred Therapy offers the therapist all that he/she will need to treat clients” Person-centred therapy (or PCT) is a form of talk-psychotherapy which began formally with, and was developed by, psychologist Carl Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s. It is considered a founding work in the humanistic school of psychotherapies and is also known as Client-centred, Non-directive or Rogerian therapy. It is an approach within counselling and psychotherapy which largely places the responsibility for the treatment process upon the client. The ultimate goal of Person-Centred Therapy is to provide clients with an opportunity to develop a sense of self wherein they can realize how their attitudes, feelings and behaviour are being negatively affected, and make an effort to find their true positive potential. In this technique, the role of the therapist is to create an accepting, comfortable, non-judgemental environment of warmth and empathy wherein the client can be, ultimately, responsible for improving their own lives.