Debussy and Impressionism

1055 Words5 Pages
Jessica Margarita Gutierrez
Professor Levy
Music 24C
28 October 2012
Debussy: Impressionism & Symbolism in “Des pas sur la neige”
"I am trying to do 'something different' -- in a way reality -- what the imbeciles call 'impressionism' is a term which is as poorly used as possible, particularly by art critics." –Claude Debussy
The term “impressionism”, derived from a painting by Monet named Sunrise- an Impression, is defined as music that evokes moods and visual imagery through colorful harmony and instrumental timbre. Debussy disliked the term in relation to his own music, and in fact his music could be considered more along the lines of symbolism. The symbolist poets such as Mallarmé, Maeterlinck, and Edgar Allan Poe fascinated him and he composed several pieces to be set to their works. However impressionism and Debussy are forever intertwined, because just as impressionist painters developed new theories on light and color so did Debussy in the realm of music.
As a student at the Paris Conservatoire he had rebelled against orthodox harmony teaching. His response to his shocked instructors was “There is no theory. You have merely to listen. Pleasure is the law." Claude Debussy broke from the mold of “traditional” harmony by using “forbidden” progressions, leaving dissonances unresolved, and making extensive use of whole-tone, octatonic, and pentatonic scales. The prelude “Des pas sur la neige” (Footprints in the Snow) is the sixth in Claude Debussy's first book of Preludes. This prelude is an excellent example of the use of scales, modes and re-harmonization techniques.
The four-note motive in the first measure is present throughout the entire piece. It is composed of the first three notes of a D minor scale and is harmonized with a D pedal. In the score, Debussy indicates in French “This rhythm should have the sonorous value of a sad and frozen
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