Sociologists like Cultural deprivation theorists would agree with this statement.They believe that parental interests and attitudes to education influence working class childrens' attainment levels, this can be positive or negative influence.They would argue that children look upon their parents as role models, .When they see their parents act in a negative way regarding rules, school and work, they often follow in their footsteps. This could result in the children developing an Anti-School subculture. Studies do show that the working class do considerably worse than the middle class, in many aspects of education. Children in the middle class are more likely to struggle in school, more likely to underachieve at GCSE level and more likely to be expelled and excluded than middle class students. Cultural deprivation theorists would blame this on the lack of parental guidence and encouragment to succeed in education.
Assess the importance of school factors such as racism and pupils responses to racism in creating ethnic differences in educational achievement. Many sociologists would argue that internal factors are the most important factors when referring to racism and responses from the pupils as the school is where most of this would take place where different ethnicities are treated in different ways. However, some sociologists would disagree and say that external factors are more important than the internal factors which have an effect creating pupils to face racism at school and their responses in a particular way. Firstly, to start with, labelling in school factor and teacher racism is the first internal factor. Gillborn (1990) found that teachers were quick to discipline black pupils than any other raced pupils for the same behaviour.
Ignoring the reality of everyday life and how it works can obsure individuals perspective of the world, which has devastating effects, such as not being able to understand what it best for ones self in life. In ‘Paul’s Case’ by Willa Cather, the protagonist, Paul, experiences these devastating effects. In order to escape the misery of his everyday life, Paul ignores reality and devises an affluent life for himself, however it is these illogical measures that ultimately cause him to make irrational and harsh decisions that prevent him from securing self-fulfillment. Paul’s great misunderstanding about the relationship between work and money cause him to carry out decietful actions that lead to his downfall. Paul strongly believes that he belongs in the
There is also the need for training and the interviewer needs to have a background into education increasing the cost. As a result a small sample will be studied in comparison to other methods like questionnaires. This means that it will not be representative so cannot be generalised to different pupil subcultures. Willis’ qualitative methods enable him to find out about working class pupils resisting attempts to indoctrinate them in school. Theses ‘lads’ formed a counter school subculture that was opposed to school and showed this by flouting school rules for example truanting.
Knowledge of one’s own culture and the cultures of different people is key in creating active, caring citizens, and schools play a huge role in constructing that knowledge. Stereotypes must be targeted and exterminated. Teachers must be careful when expanding a lesson with real life examples, so as not to show unconscious bias. In the French film “Entre Les Murs” which was released in 2008, a high school teacher was scolded by his class, which was predominantly black, for always using “white” names in his examples. He hadn’t been purposely using “white names,” it was simply a product of unconscious bias, but he unknowingly hurt the feelings of some of his students by making them feel left
Payne stated that students should learn the “hidden rules” of the middle class from their educators so that they have another set of rules to use if they choose to do so. Impoverished students, compared to students of middle or upper class, often have a lack of proper funding, thus, a lack of appropriate resources to use in their education. Due to this, they are often unprepared for school, not having the money to purchase books and other educational tools. Both authors realize this, but argue that the responsibility lies on different shoulders. Payne states that impoverished students face inequality at school, insinuating that the school should be responsible for helping to provide for these students so that they can have a better education.
Albert Cohen states that delinquency is a collective rather than an individual response. He argues that its mainly the working class youth who turn to delinquency due to the fact that they strive toward the success goals of mainstream culture but cannot get to that goal through approved means due to experiences of failure in education, living in deprived areas etc. which cause them to feel like they are denied status in mainstream society and experience status frustration. They then react to this by forming a distinctive set of values which oppose mainstream values and form a delinquent subculture. So by forming a delinquent subculture, it becomes a means of achievement through an illegitimate opportunity structure.
Equally important “In The Achievement of Desire” by Richard Rodriguez, he expresses that he knew he was different, that his family life and his academic life was opposed and when he reads Hoggarts description of the scholarship boy he realized there where others like him whom did not fit the mold defined by society. Malcom X in “Learning to Read” talks about his struggles and overcoming his identity. Studies have shown that families from certain social classes are educated at different levels and the schools prepare children for the same life which is represented from their social class however this is not always the case as Richard Rodriguez and Malcolm X demostrates in their articles. Several studies declare that the social class leads to the type of education one will receive and as a result will shape their education and social class. Aulette describes in her “Changing American Families” reading how the stratification systems of class mold our society.
This is mainly associated with the working class because a theory states that a working class child is less likely to succeed due to lack of education, underachieving and working class families failure to socialize their young. There are three main features of cultural deprivation. One is intellectual development. This means thinking and reasoning skills required in life to solve problems. In working class families, they lack educational books, toys and activities for their children.
When segregation was legal blacks received the worst material to study and get their education therefore they had an inferior education. Life would be harder than what is it